Transcript:
you'll be learning again we never stop learning that's why we love I I remember how relieved I was
when I was through the last time and um and it's all rushing back now already
so yep yeah that's that's what happens when
we chant four more years
and yep Carol got you but I'm sure we're going to be just fine under your leadership and we'll I'm sure we'll
we'll all pitch in to help I mean it it's I can I could see from my first
first Alcon it's definitely not a solo effort everyone pitches in that is for
each is very much the case yes yep
excellent all right Scott I have 703
we are live already okay well you know what David
ier
before yeah somebody there's a fairly new discovered planetary in um Aquilla
and a couple I know a couple people have imaged it one of them is a gentleman who sent this the image to me from Michigan
uh be on the lookout for an article that may include that image with credits to
The imager excellent I um sounds good yeah I I want to do my article would
feature the Milky Way and targets for each type of observing along the plane
and I want to do some of your obscure ones I don't you know M16 M7 M20 and 22
we IM M8 we do those all the time what about the small planetaries what about
NGC objects within the small Sagittarius Cloud so I'm I'm hoping to point things
like that out for the for the big Scopes and for binoculars I'm hoping to point
out some you know some things bright and some things not so bright along the
plane of the Galaxy and then do it in sections so signis um perc the yeah pereus and the
Orion spur and of course the uh Galactic core and then if I ever get to the South
I can do the other regions and continue the series so that's that is the plan
we'll see immediately after the universe was born it was too tiny and too hot for protons electrons and even photons to
exist within a second it had expanded and cooled enough for protons and neutrons collectively called Barons to
form almost instantly it was a rapid burst of sound waves triggered by tiny variations in this particle soup
scientists call these waves Baron acoustic oscillations the pressure waves traveled outward for 400,000 years until
the universe thinned and cooled enough for light to travel through it the universe became transparent and the
waves froze in place over time the denser regions formed by the waves encouraged more star
and Galaxy formation than other areas the imprint of those waves expanded with
the universe slowly accelerating due to dark energy today with our snapshot of
the universe there is a slight tendency for Galaxies to be separated from each other by a distance related to that
expanding ring radius although difficult to see it is
detectable as a slight bump through careful surveys of many galaxies
[Music]
well hello everyone this is Scott Roberts and David Levy and we're here at the 155th glob mile star party and um
the uh topic or the theme is Shifting Cosmic paradigms uh for me uh you know I think
that I've personally have had those experiences where you know it felt like a you know maybe a plastic hammer hit me
on the back of the head when I realized uh certain things about the universe that I was exploring and uh it
is H it it is that an Awakening uh to me and and when I am working with um uh the
uninitiated the you know the newbies that might be out there looking through my telescope I can tell when they have
that a similar experience and uh um you know it's they they realize that that
that their world and I've talked about this many times that their world just isn't about going to work and paying
their taxes and doing doing stuff at home and waiting for the next movie or whatever okay that they are on a planet
we're going through space at incredible speeds and we're connected to everything
out there so that's uh those are some of the moments uh for me uh where I I
experience organically experience that uh kind of cosmic Paradigm
Shift David what what do you think about all that you've I mean you're you have discovered things you have been at the
Forefront of uh uh planetary science and uh so you've been closer to the fire
than I have for sure I might have been closer to the fire but I I regret that
I'm not on fire right now or more or less I am uh going to give you my
contribution to Cosmic paradigms today but it's not in the form of a globular
star cluster or a Galaxy or a comet much as I'd like it to be but it is in the
form of a poet one of my favorite poets and if you don't mind I'd like to tell
you a bit about him his name was Alfred Lord Tennyson and boy I love to stuff
and he started he was born in 1809 and he lived to a rip old age until
1892 he was a very successful poet but
he had a rough start poems chiefly lyrical got terrible terrible reviews
the review in astronomy magazine David why did you give him such a bad review in astronomy magazine in your one of
your 1834 issu we we were tough you know 175 years
ago that's all I can say yeah I guess you're wrong but anyway he got a lot of
bad reviews and if hurt the man he was very upset he had good friends his best
friend was Arthur halum and then one day he's sort of kind
of sitting at home and he's boning the uh the failure of his poetry career when
his sister walked in and said Alfred sit and Alfred sits and um she
says I've got the worst possible news and I don't want to tell you
but your friend Arthur halum had a stroke yesterday and died instantly and
he was like 24 years old and Alfred was
devastated actually you know first of all the failure of his poems and then
the death of his best friend he was absolutely
devastated and I can relate to that right now as some of you might understand but uh he uh he kind of you
know after he s of accepted the fact he started writing some quatrains four little four lines tensas devoted to his
friend and he'd write one and he put it in a little box and he WR an another and
stuff like that and then he got back he decided he was going to get back into poetry again and in the early
1840s he wrote a bunch of poems that he labeled the princess and God they were beautiful
in fact these poems are remembered today as being among the finest lyrical
poems ever written and uh I mean Chuck Allen here I
think could write poems as good as that and David if he put his mind to it might be able to but these were
brilliant including one about the plees where he says
here are the pleades hiding in the Mellow shade glittering like a swarm of fireflies
Tangled in a silver braid and that was quite tomar's favorite poetical
quotation he always quoted it to me and uh he but he kept on doing those
little forline things he kept on putting him in his box and then one day he
opened the box and there were like hundreds of them and he said I've got to do something
with this and as the 1840s came to a close he was working on organizing them he wrote
the poem Ulisses and ulyses is the poem where he really introduced his readers who by
love juston loved him to his crashing closes and he had this incredible clo
toses where he says that which we are we
are and the final line to hunt to seek to thrive and not to yield I mean he
knew how to WR end the and he was working on getting this
these hundreds of four line stanzas together into
analogy he call the El in morium
ahh I wish I had known alred Tennison even though if I did I'd be as dead as he is right now but I do know his great
great grandson Jonathan Tennison who is an astronomer of course you have to be
an astronomer if your great- great-grandfather was poet or if your great great grandfather was
a was a poet and you have to be an astronomer and I asked him you know uh
this is the fact that you had these famous relative affect your work and he said I try to keep as far away from my
from Alfred's poems as I can and just live my life as I want to be which was
appropriate then I was in London and I stopped by his office at uh University
College London and the first thing I saw in his office were two stanzas from a
memorium and I walked in I point at the stanas and before he even said hello he
said sometimes you just got to say what the hell anyway these stanas are absolutely
Priceless they're from IM memorian and they talk about geology
they talk about the nature of the earth and they talk about how David ier one
day is going to become an expert in fossils he is going to become an expert
in sedimentary rocks and uh he's going to do this and he took he
took his interest in geology and the evolution of the earth and he worked it
into two stanzas from the memorial and that after this long introduction is
what I wish to quote for you today there rolls the Deep where grew the tree oh
Earth what changes hast thou seen there were the Long Street Roars ha been the
Stillness of the central sea the hills are shadows and they flow from form to
form and nothing stands they melt like Mists the solid lands like clouds they
shape themselves and go thank you for letting me do this
Scotty back to you thank you very much thank you I think that we are I just
want to say something I think that we are so lucky to have David Levy come on
every Global star party and read a favorite poem or a passage or to give
his thoughts um it's it's just a wonderful way uh to set the entire tone
for the night so David thank you so much well thank you Scotty and I kind of like
to think that today I mean I know he's not but what I like to think was that sitting in a
corner with his headphones and on his laptop was Alfred Tennyson enjoying the
two stanzas from his most famous poem he went from being a failed poet to Poet
Laureate in just one couple of years and uh really wow yeah I mean after
Wordsworth died 1850 the memorium came out he got married and he became poet
laal and you can't really beat that
wonderful well we are um going to be talking to
that's familiar to all of us which is Chuck Allen uh he is about to be the
acting president of the world's largest Federation of astronomy clubs which is
the astronomical league but he's done this before and uh and he's back he's
back for more uh uh is it is it a labor
of love Chuck or is it uh no absolutely I believe me having
done it before I wouldn't do it again if it weren't uh it's working with great
people uh all across the country and uh I'm I'm leaving in fact tomorrow to
present some of our Awards in Philadelphia and uh New Jersey so it's
it's a a lot of fun that's great that's great well uh we are excited about the
new Alcon that's coming up in Bryce Canyon uh you know I was at the uh Bryce
Canyon event and um everybody keeps talking about how dark it was and uh you
know the Fantastic talks and all the rest of it but there was just a feeling of being there um and it just felt good
you know that's that was the main thing about it you know you can go to uh see different things and um uh
experience different things but if you're not if it somehow isn't resonating well you know uh you know
it's it becomes more of a becomes kind of wears on you a little bit and I've
been to events like that you know uh you're almost like like glad that there
I mean you're glad that you were there but you're glad it's over that's not so with Bryce Canyon and that's not so with
the astronomical League conventions every time one of them comes to a close I feel a little sad and uh not quite
ready to go home you know so so this is uh uh you know the league puts on an
event like no other and um and I do believe that the Bryce Canyon event was
it 2005 is that right 2009 2011
11 sorry yes okay so but uh that particular event was just uh it was
wonderful because I was there amongst friends uh the weather was incredible
the skies were amazing uh there was a kind of uh music in all of it you know
and so it was really really cool and so I can't wait for the next one but I'll
let you get uh your uh talk underway Chuck and thanks for gracing us once
again well thank you Scott is my volume okay perfect okay uh good evening
everyone uh since the topic tonight is Shifting Cosmic paradigms I thought I
would show just how fast they shift and to do that I'm G to start slideshow
here talk about some of the James web space telescopes new Mysteries
just what we need more mysteries in science I think the first thing we should talk about is the fact that the
battle for seeing further in the universe has always been a matter of instrument size and technology and as
we'll see in a few minutes Theory as well uh let's just start with how far we
can see with the uned eye the furthest thing anyone is reported seeing with the uned eye is NGC 5128 and centur Steph
James Oma uh stated that he had observed this high in the sky from a southern
observing location which means he was seeing with his unated eye something 13 million light years away if you expand
that to perhaps 7 by 35 binoculars you can see almost 70 million Lighty years
NGC 3607 and Leo is the furthest thing I've detected from Scott Harrington's
report of observing many objects with uh binoculars of this size to see what the
limits were if you get up to a three or 4 inch telescope you've got a shot at observing
aazar an active Galactic nucleus in Virgo at a light travel distance of 2.43
billion light years that's half the age of the Earth uh it's really quite easy to see uh just find this V pattern and
look for a little star off to the side of it and you will be seeing that
distance but but you can do a lot better you get up to about a 10-in telescope and you can observe a
14.6 actually it gets uh as bright as 14.2 putting it well in range of 10in
telescopes uh aazar in a field with 28 magnitude Stars making it very easy to
find you find the 28 magnitude Stars you find this triangle and you just go bing
bing bing little Arc to a quazar whose light has taken
9.6 billion years to reach your eye that's twice the age of the Earth this
object's light travel distance is two trillion times the distance between the Earth and Neptune to give you an idea of
just how far you can see with an ordinary amateur instrument with slightly larger amateur instruments you
can extend that to 12 billion Lighty years of light travel time and when you
see this object you will know that today in whatever form it has today it's actually out there nearly 20 four
billion light years away most amateur astronomy clubs have dobsonians of this
size and ring it up take a look at it I don't know a single professional
astronomer who's seen this object Chuck are you do you have a uh
presentation that you're
yes sharing not sharing oh I'm sorry it's okay did describe it very
well well I'm hang on just a moment I was enjoying the description I think
they want to I think they do want to see what you were looking yeah I'm sorry about that that's okay I was enjoying
the description too yeah the description was awesome nonetheless I neglected to
share screen so let's try that again I apologize
folks okay okay looks like it's coming up all right
how are we doing now yeah just see now better we're seeing okay I'm sorry so I'll rush
through these this is the furthest thing visible to the uned eye reportedly 13
million light years 7 by 35 binoculars 70 million Lighty years aazar in Virgo
with a 4-in telescope easily seen magnitude 13 2.43 billion Lighty years
of light travel time here's the quazar I was describing two eighth magnitude stars in the field
a triangle near it and a little Arc of three 14th magnitude specs this one when
you see it the light will have traveled to your eye from 9.6 billion years to get to you this is even further this is
12 billion Lighty years of light travel time and of course that is aazar an active Galactic nucleus and today it's
probably a well Advanced elliptical galaxy somewhere 24 billion light years away
well with the Hubble Space Telescope things changed this was launched of course on April 24th 1990 and had a
badly flawed mirror at severe spherical aberration it was ground and Polished
quite precisely to within 10 nomers of precision but the Outer Perimeter was
too flat by 2200 nmet that's 1 11,000 of an inch off and as a result the outer
parts of the mirror were focusing at a different point than the center of the mirror um the Hubble Space Telescope was
pictured in cartoons with the Titanic and the Hindenburg uh it was quite a disaster at the time and taxpayers were
not happy however uh we found that what happened that during the testing of the
mirror one little lens in the null corrector a testing device was out of place by 1.3
mm and that caused the mirror to be ground to the wrong shape but precisely
so which made designing eyeglasses for the Hubble Space Telescope quite easy story Musgrave has been a frequent
visitor in the past to astronomical League conventions and in December of 1993 of course he went up in the
Endeavor and installed corrective lenses on the Widefield imp planetary camera and high-speed photometer uh and some
other corrections as well on board the HST and it didn't take long before the
HST added a new record for distance uh that
was a Galaxy called CL 1358 plus 62 light travel time of 12.5 billion uh
years and today in whatever form it has 26 billion light years away we're seeing
the Galaxy here of course gravitationally lensed by a foreground cluster of galaxies which is very
obvious in the photo um then the HST
in 2014 detected Max 1149 a galaxy with
a light travel distance of 13.28%
well then gnz11 was discovered in 2015 another HST Discovery and it extended
the range to 13.39 billion light years of light travel
distance but we weren't done now it was time to launch the James Webb Space Telescope and after many delays on
Christmas day of 2021 uh the jwst was launched on an Aran 5 rocket from French
Guana and the James Webb Space Telescope as you well know has a 21 foot wide mirror
formed from 18 hexagonal segments it's gold coated burum it's light and the
gold coating makes it very sensitive to infrared red and orange light which is
exactly what we needed in order to observe uh the very great depths of time
that it was intended to observe mainly because when you observe very distant galaxies back in time the light's been
traveling for over 13 billion years to reach us and has been stretched its
wavelength has been stretched as it passes through expanding space the James web can reach 100 times
fainter than the Hubble Space Telescope the Hubble uh could reach to uh a z
factor of 11 uh a red shift of 11 which means it could detect objects whose
light travel distance was 13 .4 billion light years the jwst can reach a red
shift of 20 uh meaning it could reach theoretically to about 13.53 billion Lighty years of light
travel time well it was intended to observe heavily red shifted galaxies in the
earliest stages of the universe's formation and it did just exactly
that Jade's GS 13.0 discovered in 2022
extended the distance to 13.4 billion Lighty years of light travel uh distance and meaning that
today because while the light was traveling to us of course the universe was expanding carrying this galaxy again
in whatever form it has today to 33 billion light years but the groundbased telescopes
weren't done the Subaru telescope on Mon AIA actually beat that record uh coming
up with HD1 and ston with a light travel distance of 13.43 billion light years
and that was a record holder for quite a while until the jwst said no we want the
record back and on May 31st of this year just a couple of months ago uh the James
web came up with the discovery of Jade's GS z140 a Galaxy and forx whose lights been
traveling to us for 13.43 billion years that's the current
record holder we shouldn't expect to see much further we will but it'll be sort
of like watching Mondo dup plantus beat as Pall record it will be by centimeters
not by feet uh the reason for this of course is that we're looking back in time uh we're already looking to within
400 million years of the Big Bang actually less and so we're looking back to a point in time before the gas the
hot gas in the universe had a opport to coales into stars and little Proto
galaxies that you have just seen pictures of so seeing much Beyond this
not really likely but we'll undoubtedly beat the record a couple of times by
inches um and I recall uh someone telling me that
this would be a good way to represent how far back in time we're looking so I'd like you to imagine that
the age of the universe was a year a calendar year and that we are at 11:59
p.m. on December 31st about ready to pop the champagne corks in that case we're
looking so far back in time at this J z14 Galaxy that we're seeing it as it
was when the universe was at January 7th in the age of the universe pretty far
back in time indeed now uh there was a
uh John kabat Zin book and he was possibly quoting uh something that was
attributable by some to confucious who said wherever you go there you are well
we went to the very earliest part of the universe with these observations we've gotten to within 350 billion years a
million excuse me just million years of the big bang and there we are and we're
suffused with Mysteries as a result of this one mystery uh resulted from jwst
Sears project it detected that some of the earliest galaxies which should have
been tiny little Proto galaxies that were just starting to form from newly formed stars in the universe were far
more massive than expected some were estimated to have the same mass as The Milky Way how is it that in just a few
hundred million years galaxies could form and accumulate Mass to reach m
keway size that quickly it threw cosmology into a bit of a tail spin and
YouTube hysteria resulted I'm sure you've all seen YouTubes claiming that
the universe is actually 26 billion years old the Big Bang didn't happen and
these of course are clickbait uh not based on uh research we don't throw out
years of research the KOB WAP and plank satellite work uh the work of Alma and
the Spitzer telescope huru Chandra and other space telescopes and we don't throw out our Lambda cold Dark Matter
model simply because we have a few unexplained holes in our Theory but we do have to ask ourselves what might have
caused this one theory about these massive galaxies apparently massive
galaxies was that it resulted from bursty Star formation that there was a
sudden burst of stars forming that formed supernovas that kicked gas out and then brought it back into form form
new stars in a rapid uh sequence causing uh great Luminosity to appear in these
galaxies we do know that the Universe in the early stages of course was much hotter than it is today today our Cosmic
microwave background runs at about 2.7 degrees Kelvin but back then 40 to 60
degrees hot hydrogen gas is much more energetic and not really uh wanting to
be gas gaed together by gravity which has to overcome that energy however if
you get enough hydrogen then gravity does win and pulls it together to form stars but it's there's so much hydrogen
in these stars that the early stars were very massive and because of that they
would create great luminosity in these early galaxies and give the impression that these galaxies had greater mass
than they actually did um we determined the mass of galaxies of course by first
detecting the distance to them using red shift and then by analyzing the Spectra of the galaxies to try to determine the
types of stars that predominate in them when we know the Luminosity of the stars
that we think we're observing then the Galaxy's brightness tells us a lot about Mass we tend to look for something
called the Balmer break or Balmer jump which is a sudden drop off in an intensity of Spectra that occurs at a
certain point in the Spectrum and it's typical of a class Stars which are typically slightly more massive than the
sun however uh the assumptions we make about the Spectra when we observe these
distant galaxies is based on our understanding of the bomber break as we
observe it locally and that may be a false assumption the balber break may not
indicate the same thing in these early galaxies as it does locally to us but
then there's another idea this by the way is the bomber break that you see here a very sudden drop off in the
Spectrum uh which becomes less when you have cooler stars and also becomes less
when you get hotter Stars so if you've detect for example a BAL or break like
this in one of these distant galaxies it tells you that a Stars predominate and that helps you determine the mass but
again the assumption is based on studies done locally well there are galaxies out
there that exhibit some strange tendrils now this one has hot tendrils uh it's a
Galaxy in triangulum arral and it is uh looks it's called the jellyfish Galaxy
but at one point in the recent past the alma study found a Galaxy 12 billion
Lighty years of light travel distance away and detected a huge tendril of cold
gas streaming into the Galaxy it was about 300 thousand light years long and
had about 70 billion solar masses and it was cold gas which is ideal for Star
formation they determined that this cold gas was adding 500 solar masses per year
to this galaxy which would double the Galaxy's mass in merely a million years
and these tendrils are consistent with the kind of tendrils we see in the cosmic microwave excuse me in the cosmic
web the connections between the Galaxy clusters in our universe so it may be
that in the early Universe uh material cold gas was flowing in along these
tendrils into galaxies as they formed causing them to have very high early
Mass explaining the observations from the sear study but there's a second
mystery the James web Space Telescope began detecting something called Red Dot
galaxies you see it here at the end of the Green Arrow and this is what they look like and these are really odd balls
they have between 10 billion and one trillion stars but they're 1,000 times smaller than the Milky Way some of them
only 150 to 500 Lighty years across if we reduce the Milky Way to their size
Proxima centor would be in our solar system and we would be only 26 light years from the Milky Way Center these
are only found in the early Universe now the problem with determining the nature
of these beasts is because we don't yet have good Spectra from them what we do
have are images taken of them using different color filters and what we're
trying to do is determine where the Balmer break is
which is spectral information simply based on where a Galaxy disappears from
one colored filter to another and that's very inaccurate uh we need better Spectra
from these objects in order to have a better handle on their mass and nature but we're left with a question uh
certainly a paradigm that we don't understand completely what are these uh red dots why did they vanish what did
they morph into and why are they redder than uh the red shift would explain
based simply on their distance so there are many new Mysteries out there uh involved in what we've been able to do
with the James web Space Telescope it's open new Vistas and raised new questions
for us
okay wow okay and I would like to say one thing
about Bryce Canyon uh if I may there're 275 rooms in that block and uh we had
400 people back in 2011 so if if you're interested in going it's going to fill fast grab those rooms that's
right registration is open open online as well the link uh it
will be uh you you will be able to register online very shortly right now I
think we only have the mail in registration on on the web
page all right very good very good okay
all right well our next speaker um is uh David ier from astronomy
magazine um David uh has relocated his
uh home to Arizona where he's able to get M much more uh you know clear nights
star nights and uh I know he's glad about that but um there's a lot of new
things going on in astronomy magazine and David can tell us about it but he
always gives us some great sight into the cosmos too so thanks for coming on
David thank you Scott I want to correct you though actually technically Tucson
only has about 310 additional clear kns a year compared
to Milwaukee so it makes a slight difference but not you know you know
what I'm saying yeah yeah you know this the moral I guess is if you wait long
enough and hope long enough you get a good Sky again so right now I'm busily
painting and building bookshelves and eventually I'll be all set here but for the set a big party at your
house and we'll come absolutely anytime properly okay stop on by there's a 50
foot lap pool you have to swim 20 laps before breakfast so that's the
Proviso so tonight I wanted to talk about a couple let me see if I can share my screen here um where do I do that
here I do that okay and I'll get the right screen to share and I wanted to talk about a couple of see if I can
start this show here where do I do that here we do that [Music]
um okay can you see the previously mentioned Centaurus a I don't know what
the big deal is with Steve a good Palam mine I can see it it's right here on the
screen with my naked eye yeah sorry we see it
too I see it with my naked eye as well I'm still on Milwaukee time and I'm
waking up like at 400 am forgive me so anyway since RSA which we may end up uh
looking like once we do our dance with the Andromeda galaxy is there but I really wanted to talk about as we work
our way northward down to the really good stuff in the South eventually a
couple of galaxies tonight that are far north near the bowl of the Big Dipper NGC 3718 and NGC
3729 that are relatively close to each other in the sky and astrophysically in
space and they've gravitationally affected each other they're just a little south of the Southern edge of the
bowl of the Big Dipper as we would say in the states the brighter object NGC 3718 it's
also called ARP 214 and Arps catalog it's a distort distorted B spiral it's
about 65 million light years away about 10th magnitude so it's pretty easily
observable as a little smudge slightly smaller than three arc minutes uh but in
a medium or large size amateur scope it looks pretty interesting because it has a really strong s shape as you'll see um
prominent Dust Bar encircling The Hub and a very bright concentrated nucleus
so it's a strange active Galaxy as we would say it's warped and has a very
active nucleus because it is believed to have been interacting with this neighbor
NGC 3729 um in the past uh long long ago uh
it's about 150,000 light years away separate the two
galaxies NGC 3729 the much smaller object uh that has been moving more
quickly and in space is a bar spiral also it's about the same distance it's a
little fainter at 11th magnitude and slightly smaller as well and it does not
appear to be nearly as distorted as 3718 south of NGC 3718 also if you have
a large telescope is a nice interacting Galaxy group and it's from Paul hixon's
catalog number 56 which has a chain of distant galaxies very tightly together
they're about 425 million Lighty years away so here is the obligatory uh Atlas
page I dug out Ron Stan's Atlas the other night and took a quick picture out of a stack of books was small miracle to
find it um but here it is it's a great Atlas and you can see uh this is the
line at the upper left here is part of the constellation line that goes through
the uh bowl of the big Dippers so you can see we're just kind of south of that and uh there are some weird galaxies
that lie nearby this pair as well in addition to the hixen
group so here you can see on the right uh 3718 3729 is on the left really nice
galaxies and and showing wonderful details and you can see the dust band
that uh bisects the nucleus of the larger Galaxy 3718 at the top right you may be able to
see the hixen Galaxy group that's not far from the northern edge of
3718 here's another somewhat deeper image of the Galaxy and and you can see a little bit nicer detail there and the
kind of star formation that's going in with H2 regions so to speak in the
Galaxy's arms and you can see pretty well that it's warped this is a very unusual almost a twisted barred spiral
that has undergone interaction of course the hixen group is just off to the right
edge of this Frame here's a closeup of 3729 that's
relatively featureless this is from the Sloan survey uh and you can see that there's not a lot going on there except
for a fairly good uh ring bar structure so that's it I just had a
quick couple of suggestions of objects uh instead of shooting the next shot of the androm a Galaxy go out and take some
images of these lesser known strange objects I'll keep this rolling in the future uh and we have in November we're
under new ownership now fir Crown media which is a company in Chattanooga it's
based in Chattanooga but their employees scattered Here There and Everywhere they own astronomy magazine and most of cbo's
uh previous titles as well and we're starting to evolve things a little bit you can see the cover here for November
we have a big feature Story by Sten odenwald about the current state of what we know about our own star um which is
the most important one of course to us uh and we'll have some big changes coming on down the road with astronomy
that I think you'll be very happy with if you are reader of the magazine so
more on that to come and I have mentioned briefly uh the last time I'll
mention it again we're going to have another staris festival with a lot of Nobel prize winning speakers at
astronaut explorers scientists in all the disciplines astronomy and elsewhere
um and some rock and roll from our friends Brian May and Rick Wakeman and
others uh who will be giving us some music and fun as well as the stargazing
and talks about science and we'll be doing it this time next spring on La Palma in the canaries which has among
other things the largest telescope in the world the GTC which you can see here
which at 10 .4 meters edges out the wonderful twin keks which are on the
summit of Mona of course as well so that's all I have right now get ready
for some big changes coming down the line uh that I think will Delight you with astronomy magazine we hope you can
join us for starmus there will be more staris news coming a few months from now
as well down the road and uh get out there and go after the little known
object if you can as well as taking all those images of m42 and M31 that's good stuff
too but there's a lot of other stuff that's out there that has not been observed or imaged nearly so much that I
think we can celebrate as amateur astronomers so I will stop sharing my
screen and Scott that's all I have for tonight thank you
well it's the whole universe so that was a lot so and forgive me I'm still you know in
a you know painting you know seven or eight hours a day and building
bookshelves and trying to find places to put 5,000 books so I'm in total chaos
and probably will be for another couple of months before things are completely back to at least at least yeah 5,000
books I that's like a whole I mean that's like a real Library that's not well I gave away my Civil War Library
when Chris started college I donated that to the grant Presidential Library and I got rid of about 4,000 books there
so good Lord so that's gone so it's largely Science Now what's
left wonderful okay all right well uh David thank you so much our next
uh speaker let me just bring myself back on here
I'll stand right next to David ier here just for a moment I just want to feel the Ambiance okay that was good all
right so up next up next is Ron breacher
uh Ron is known as the astrod do he is an amazing
astrophotographer and a great teacher and um he is a good guy you know when
you meet him at uh astronomy events go to NE or you go to the Imaging
conferences uh Ron always has people around him because they just want to catch a little bit of his knowledge but
also they want to just hang out with just a a fun guy to hang out with so Ron
thanks for coming on to Global star party you're making me a blush thank you
um I need an intervention about all the guitars over here yeah what's with that
I know you're a musician I don't know do you collect do you collect guitars uh I
seem to be yeah I seem to be I seem to be uh but
they're they're all really nice and I use them all so anyway thank you very much for inviting me to talk tonight I I
really like coming on uh on these Global star parties because you always provide
the speakers with a theme and uh one of the things I like
about doing this is those themes really make me think and so I'm going to uh
just put up this slideshow and uh I called this understanding what we see
but I'm not really going to tell you exactly how we understand what we see it's such a personal thing but that
seemed like um a good sort of catchall for uh for for what I do want to talk
about um this image here is just a work in progress i' been acquiring this the
last two nights and it is uh the elephant trunk nebula vandenbberg
142 next time I'm on the global star party maybe I'll have a color version of this to show
you so uh I thought before we get into uh Scott's theme for tonight I should
talk about Paradigm shifts because that's a term that we throw around and not
everybody knows what what it means so I'm going to explore that for a minute
and then uh show you what really stuck out for me in what Scott provided to us
uh ahead of time and then I want to show you some of the tools uh that I've used for helping with understanding and not
just me obviously so telescopes ey inand uh cellulose film and digital sensors
and then I'm going to give you some examples uh just a few examples of
how being able to see particular with a telescope and a digital sensor can help
us uh in terms of understanding what we see so a paradigm shift is is really
just a big new framework idea that changes the way we understand things in
a fundamental way and I've got a few examples here so one is that some
diseases are called caused by germs that that's something that we completely take
for granted now and our uh treatment of infectious disease with antibiotics our
um our steps to isolate from each other when we have contagious illnesses all of
those are based on this fundamental Paradigm Shift towards the understanding
that some diseases are caused by germs we're all uh anybody who's
watching this show is interested in astronomy and cosmology so here's another really big idea that's that was
a paradigm time shift the idea that the Universe had a beginning we call that
the big the big bang now and I'm not going to talk about that I just want to use it as an example of a notion that
fundamentally changes the way we think about everything because if the universe had a beginning that means time had a
beginning so maybe there's a point in time Beyond back beyond what you can see
back and then the idea that the Earth orbits the Sun not the other way around that was you know if we hadn't come to
that understanding uh we might have missed the boat on a lot of other important things like how would you get
a spaceship to the Moon how would you get a um how would you get uh spaceships
orbiting the Sun if you didn't understand those basic orbital mechanics
and the really interesting thing about Paradigm shifts is that they always lead to new questions
so if you if you recognize that diseases are caused by germs or some of them
which ones are caused by germs what can we do to prevent that and so on there's always questions that come out of these
Paradigm shifts so now don't try to read all this this is what Scott part of what
Scott provided us as the theme I just want to highlight what was important to me the idea of learning and adapting to
new information that's really uh important in in
astronomy the next one uh maybe the most important of the ones that I highlighted here the idea uh not just that uh
people's uh Dynamic and everchanging understanding uh sorry what am I trying
to say here we can help people uh appreciate the dynamic and everchanging nature of our understanding of the
universe it's not that the universe is changing changing it is over time but it's that our understanding is dynamic
and everchanging not just the universe so what we think we know today we may
learn new things that may change all that tomorrow it doesn't matter um you know looking at the sky the way we do as
astronomers and astrophotographers uh for me at least it makes it okay not knowing all the
answers the questions are more interesting than the answers
and then encouraging people to stay curious and
open-minded if you think you have all the answers you're probably oversimplifying things information
changes the answers every day and of course we always want to plant the seeds of awe and wonder so I I
used some tools uh for understanding and I'm not like I said I'm not the only one telescopes of course were invented a
long time ago uh 16008 in fact was the first Pat for the refractor that was uh
by H lipi and um those refractors were used
to sketch this is the ey in hand so you can see sketches of Saturn uh during the
17th century all of these were made um between 1610
1676 and you can see uh what the different observers were able to see
with the Optics that they had available at the time and by the time you get to Cassini at
1676 you can see the famous Cassini division that we now all crave to look
for in our telescopes and uh before I was uh really heavily involved in
astrophotography I used to sketch and I particularly enjoyed sketching the planets and the Sun and uh so here as a
sketch on the left of Jupiter and on the right of Mars and that that sketch of
Mars was made on the night of closest approach of Mars in at least in my
lifetime uh up to that point and I think ever uh was back in August August I
think August 23rd 2003 and contrary what you'll to what you'll probably see on
the internet over the coming days it is not going to ever appear in your Sky the
size of the the full moon that is a internet hoax that goes around every
year so uh after eye and hand and pen and paper came deot types so these were
the beginnings of Photography and these are a few deger types of the Sun and the
Moon the center one is an eclipse in 1851 so this is all around the middle of
the 19th century um of course I was using cellulose film not deero
types to shoot the moon back in 2008 when I shot this total eclipse of the
moon I used a small telescope it was an astrophysics 4in refractor and I used a
h a camera uh a Rebel Canon Rebel camera
with film and uh it was probably the last real photo that I did with film and
it was minus 25 Centigrade out that night and right
after I took the mid Eclipse photo that you see on the right everything froze I
had to wait for the film to warm up before I could risk rewinding it back onto the sprocket luckily it didn't
break um now in the middle of the 20th century up to the middle of the 20th
century so you see that bottom image of uh GC 6946 um that's 1933 that was shot with a
24in reflector and recorded on film but uh now amateurs using um a relatively
affordable equipment and uh relatively straightforward techniques can get
results like this from their backyard all of these images were taken from my
backyard and they were all taken you know in the last 20 years or
so so I thought I'd put together a few examples where uh it's interest
interesting to understand to show you how telescopes can help you understand what you see and
this is something that I saw I didn't see it exactly like this I imaged this star cluster um in
2011 and then in 2013 a friend asked if I would go back and shoot it again for
him and uh I did and when I put the two images side by side one of the Stars was
missing from the 2013 image in fact it wasn't missing it's still there you can
probably see it when that goes out it's still there
it's just way way fainter and um my processing then was was n as good as it is now and at that
time I couldn't see that star in the uh in the second image it looked like it
had disappeared and of course I I thought I had witnessed the death of a star and I
wrote to Harvard and reported it as a new discovery only to find that this is a well-known variable star that had been
discovered in the 19th century Wy copia but now we understand what makes
this star period periodically brightened um I don't have all the details to give you now that doesn't matter what really
matters is that now with these cameras we can image this star at two different
times and really confirm that its brightness is changing quite
dramatically this is another uh interesting one so uh The Crab
Nebula um is a supernova Remnant and it was seen so it's been
known for a long time it's been known for more than well almost a thousand
years it was seen in 1054 by Chinese astronomers and it was
recorded um but now that we can take pictures of it with telescopes and we
can study its Spectrum with spectroscopes and we can study that
Central Star right here that's the first known pulsar that was ever
observed um We Now understand much better what's going on here this is the
shock wave the the what you're seeing is the shock wave uh of an exploded star that's now
its Remnant is now this pulsar and these gases mainly uh hydrogen sulfur and
oxygen are really the seeds of the next star that might form the the next planet
that might form the next life the Chinese couldn't have understood that when they saw this
socalled guest star but the Paradigm has changed the Andromeda galaxy um I've
been able to see it in just about everything I've ever looked through in good enough Skies including small
binoculars even 7 by 35 binoculars when I was in Costa Rica and it was very high
up in the sky it spilled out of the field of my binoculars but really it
looked like a like a cocoon like a
fuzzy smoke patch or something um no Detail no color of
course um Andromeda is one of the Galaxy's
probably the most important Galaxy in completely changing our perspective on the scale of the universe cuz that was
the Galaxy where ciate variables were uh
used to uh determine that this galaxy was Far Away distant much more distant
than all the stars that are nearby 2.3 million light years away and one of the
cool things um that we now know we since we know that light has a finite
speed one of the really interesting implications with this galaxy um you
know it's tilted on its side if we saw it from above it would be roughly
circular that means that the close edge of the Galaxy is much closer than the far edge of the Galaxy and so we're not
just looking at one point in time when we look at this galaxy we're looking at many different points in time about a
100,000 years of time from edge to edge front to
back this is my most recent image Scott you probably got this in your email
yesterday or today if you didn't you will um this is the dumbbell nebula um
you don't see it look this way in in too many images I really brought out the the
outside wings uh but this this can be seen in any small amateur telescope it
looks kind of like an apple core in a small telescope in a bigger telescope it
can start to look a little bit like a football but you need a camera or a very very
large telescope to uh see any of these uh fainter
wings um the reason why I wanted to put this example up is because of the three
different palettes that I presented here so I have a sort of a natural col color
palette in the center where hydrogen is the uh red hydrogen and sulfur are the
red and oxygen is the teal color but it's much more interesting to present
narrow band versions of this where I leave out the natural red green and blue filters and just use the the narrow band
emissions of sulfur hydrogen and oxygen so uh if you look at the image on
the right that's the Hubble palette that's the same palet that's used in the uh Hubble Space
Telescope and um I can't tell you what any of the gas mixtures precisely are
but what I can tell you is that everywhere where you see a slightly
different Hue it's a different
mixture and if we could look at this broken down into the light that came
through the hydrogen the sulfur and the oxygen you would see that those gases are in different locations and the uh
the image on the far left just presents it in a different p and Mak certain things more visible that
aren't as easily visible in the other two uh the really cool thing about this
nebula though in terms of understanding what we see and changing perspectives is the central star here I know you can't
see it in this image but it's there it's that larger star in the very
center that's the largest white dwarf that we know of and now uh with our
current understanding we know that this gas was thrown off by the white dwarf as
it came towards the end of its life and that white dwarf now is Illuminating the
gas as it cools it will eventually become a cinder and this nebula will
disappear and so aren't we lucky to be at this place and time in SpaceTime to
get to witness something like this so Scott thanks again for asking me on if
you want to get in touch with me check out my website astrod talk.c or email me at AR breacher
rogers.com I'd love to hear from you look for my articles in sky and Telescope um I write occasionally for
amateur astronomy magazine and if you want to learn how to make those pictures check out masters of pix insight .c
that's where we teach the processing thank you Scott thank you thank
you trying to stop my share there we go trying to stop that sharing that's right
I stopped everything else well on any account um our next
speaker uh was uh supposed to be S Shack but we're we were both right running
like crazy SE Seth was coming back from travel I was setting up Global star
party and and we just missed each other so I'm sure that he'll be on the next uh
uh Global star party or two um and he may be on later on tonight but on any
account we're going to move ahead in the schedule to sonali who was on uh for the
first time on global star party on the 154th Global star party and she did a
wonderful job and so we're excited to have her back and thank you for for
being there and very nice Background by the way thank you um this was the Aurora as
scen from Omaha in May um and I'm happy to be back I thought this topic was very
interesting I don't really have slides it was just a few things that I jotted down as I thought of what I could say
I think the speakers before me have sort of pretty much covered most of what I was going to say so I will make it make
that segment shorter um I was going to lead with a quote actually interestingly and as a
coincidence by Tenison from Mort the author and I thought you know David Levy
was going to actually use that but he didn't so I'm going to go ahead and use it and say the old order changes
yielding place to new and I think in time we see that again and again um you
know as in medicine the discovery of germs and other things that change is how we um deal with illnesses and in
astronomy we further our knowledge um from in Outreach especially
I think it's important because the media picks up on all these new discoveries and then you know someone says oh these
six new galaxies that James Webb discovered does that mean the knowledge that we have is not correct just as
Chuck Allen pointed out we can't just throw out what we have but we need to build upon what we have and try and
learn something new as to where our knowledge is incomplete and to stay
curious and I think when you do Outreach it's to point out to people that just because we can't explain something
doesn't mean our old theories are wrong it's just that we need to look further
and be more Curious and open open to newer ideas um you know just as when you point
out Saturn or Jupiter and people ask you how many moons there are if you don't know the answer you look it up and look
it up with the people surrounding you um every new discovery is a chance to reach
out to people and get them engaged in astronomy uh for this I was going to
actually impre talk about you know one of the Outreach events which was a
citizen science event about poly where I hope I'm corre pronouncing it it
correctly it's an asteroid around which they discovered a moon and Lucy's mission is to go past this asteroid and
there was a citizen science or it involved a lot of volunteers where actually they figured out where this
asteroid ults a star and using that they were going to uh try and figure out
about the moon about this asteroid and this was I think in 2023 in February in
the middle of winter literally it was cold and the spot was in Kansas and it
took more than 90 telescopes and 200 volunteers but they achieved what they
wanted to achieve and I think this is how you involve people get them excited about science and new discoveries is to
involve them to point out to people hey we discovered this what do you think happened do you think you'd want to be a
part of this and that's how you get the younger generation as part of your Paradigm Shift you know make them open
to new ideas to curiosity and to take part in these kind of projects and so
every time there's something new like the Deep Field of the Hubble or what you know James Webb shows us I think it's
important to sort of use those use that information in our Outreach events and
who knows I think we'll have more interest in what we're doing so that was really just a short uh
idea that I had about today's paradigm shift and what's new in
[Music] astronomy you know I come up with um I try to come up with these um themes and
sometimes I struggle I do because I you know I'm I'm I'm remembering the
numerous uh Outreach events I've I've been involved with or people I've
interacted with and um you know it's uh um we don't do the same
thing every time when we're going out and doing astronomy Outreach sometimes we get asked the same questions again
and again but you know we're we're also out there exploring and we're out there
trying to guide people so that we can tell that they're kind of on their way
you know and um uh I think that's that's
uh and I really admire the the people who are truly gifted in doing astronomy
Outreach you know so uh sometimes I'm I'm just trying to sit back taking it all in watching somebody else teach and
sometimes this person teaching is not very experienced you know but they but
sometimes just that I don't know it's the innocence of it or the
enthusiasm maybe even some of the lack of knowledge deep knowledge and something
that makes it really impressive in the way that they are presenting it to a crowd of people that are getting it for
the first time you know so and you know sometimes some of come off uh maybe we
do know a lot about something or we think we know a lot about something and
uh you know it it uh we we get too narrow and and not really um um we
forget that we're out there to help people you know we're coddling people as they're getting their
uh uh you their start and exploring personal exploration of the universe and
I think it's important to reach out in that sense yeah everyone comes in with a different level of understanding or
knowledge when they come to outreach events and trying to understand where they are from and not making them feel
uncomfortable about asking what they think might be a too simple a question you know we all started somewhere before
we got to where we are and sometimes it's exploring that answer with them
instead of telling them about it it's going in a different way as to make them
sort of answer their own question and figure out hey I knew this make them
feel the happiness of finding their own answer is I think uh very very important
so that they're more open to asking questions and learning and showing them that you're learning with them
uh because every time you can have the same question but you know if someone asks you that question five months later
there might be something new about it so you learn along the way right anytime
that's right um anyone thinks that they know everything about what they're talking about I think you're stagnating
at that point if you're not willing to yeah they they've kind of shut themselves down I think a little bit so
yeah um you know the um uh I think that
um yeah just that kind of uh in in in
Zen philosophy they talk a lot about The Beginner's mind you know and The Beginner's mind really is important in
uh learning more about the universe and exploring the skies for yourself and not just taking what's in a book or or
taking some experts opinion or whatever you know uh but starting to form your
own opinions and starting to form your own thoughts uh about what the universe
is because to me the word Universe means everything including including your own thoughts
including your own imagination that's part of the universe too so you know I'm
not GNA get metaphysical on everybody here but the universe means all yeah and all
is a journey you know so I think we're on this journey together and we find out answers and build upon them and as long
as we stay curious open to newer theories um learn what learn from what
we learn again and sometimes you just have to modify that and go
forward that's right that's right and you can you know uh uh something you
touched on before about um you know uh allowing people to ask a question you
know I always figure that if somebody says the words can I ask a stupid question I know then okay they're
they're starting to learn they're opening up to you they're being a little vulnerable and all the rest of it you
know so we kind of go through this humble stage to feeling a little vulnerable um maybe even if you are uh
have some experience as an amateur astronomer but you're you're observing
the someone else you you kind of feel a little awkward sometimes I experienced this uh did experience this with my
peers you know going gosh well maybe I shouldn't even say anything because they'll they'll think that uh you know I
should know more or something you know but uh I think when people are afraid to ask I'm rambling right now but but
there's uh when people are afraid to ask questions they inevitably start with can I ask you a stupid question and my first
answer is no question is stupid you know there is no stupid question it's only a
question you didn't ask and I think just making people feel at ease and I always tell them hey I don't know everything
and if you ask me something that I don't know I will look it up with you and I think that is key to outreach um that's
key to getting more people in this field is making them giving them some confidence that they can ask the next
question right you know and that they can actually take those steps in exploring you know so so yeah very cool
soie thank you for coming on again uh it's always a very interesting conversation with you so thank
you so our next speaker is uh Maxie FIS
and Ma Maxi how are you it's been a little while since you've been on global
star party yes it is it's a been long long while since how he was here I think
almost five months maybe oh goodness really I think it was in March my last
GSP yeah I see so how how are you doing Scott how's
everybody I'm good I'm good I'm I'm seeing the the view from is this your window from behind you or is this your
yard you've got a beautiful snowcapped mountain no this this is a couple blocks
down from here H because it's I have this Lake this
ISO town is a mountain town H nearby the
capital city of s Louis ER I moved here ER a month ago
because my my wife she's been here since December of the last year we've been
separated all this time so in holidays or some
long weekend or something I came here so we can be together
but two months ago I say to my my work H
you know I I told you that maybe I will going to quit so now I'm quitting so
they I I gave them one month of course uh to be prepared for everything so
yesterday yeah yeah yes because they I was 10 years of work so I was very
gratit for them so I I I told them in December that it's
going maybe it's going to happen so er I have to give this big step I leave my
family in Choy 700 kilometer from
here and you know my brother my my nephews my
good son is on there but you know now I think
is a time to for a big change I have to well right now I'm still working still
searching for work but H maybe I don't know h i can H study on a university
here in St Louis maybe next year or I don't know H the chance are huge they
opens our doors or or opening so let's see what's happening
in the next months so besides that of course I have my hobby you know yes I I
I was working I Was preparing mentally but I also was preparing to H you know
stay capturing I grab a new camera from zwo uh this is a a little smaller uh
sensor is almost the half of the the last one but it's more it has more
details on the pictures but let me show you what I be doing all this months or
maybe you know uh this background like I said is the the sieras or the little
mountains here because the in this place for that where you
have desert and then maybe 200 kilom from the to the West you have the Andes
Mountains the big and this so that's that's are mountains these are you know
mountains but more little oh let me share my screen sorry and tell me if the
internet doesn't work because right now I'm using H well here in the province of St Louis in every corner you have Wi-Fi
free but I see so is it free it's going to be cheaper so it's cheaper is going
to be less or very poor quality but anyway yeah we say you get what you pay
for yeah but right now it's pretty stable we can hear your voice clear no
but it's good it's good I mean you're all the way around the world so it's good I yeah I think I have six megabits
from downloading so oh that's probably around the minimum of what you
need in uh yeah in broadcasting so okay ER are you watching
the screen your eclipsed sun yes yeah that the I tried to catch you Maxi but I
failed in that effort I compare what I've taken to seeing your picture once
again I have to go back and work harder yeah but you enjoyed it and I'm glad
that you have it because I remember it was in the eth of April I think and I
was very I was in my work watching the the solar Clips through all the you know
websites and Transmissions H and I was Shing of course and then when I saw your pictures
or if you have to leave it then you have to take picture but first you have to leave it yes live it I made sure to do
that exactly it was a wonderful experience but carry on well this is my
background and my picture this is me I'm very happy this was three months ago when I came and we have snow you know I
was I I didn't I I don't see snow signs
2 seven almost 18 years old 18 years
behind when I went to V from graduation so
anyway uh what I want to show you is what I've been doing with the
zwo a 533 MC Pro and ascar
LCL 200 and the explore scientific I exos
100 uh for example uh this is from
the um Corona Australis constellation we have here a really big
a global cluster but all these detail clouds and of course all these stars
behind or in front of this nebula ER and I really love the the
field of view using this equipment so I want to to capture some another
objects H this is H the the SAG terrorist
Cloud but I I didn't process this yet this was two months ago in alberty
before came here uh that this was maybe one hour
stacking or two hours stacking uh this was another one that I
processed yesterday the horse head the blue horse head
nebula in auko I think it was on auko or
Sagittarius and you know here we have it above of my
head of youo so you have to capture it all night
long and like you you can see there's a lot of ER reflection nebula for these
stars and also here and you know I was practicing with
this gear because I thought well I'm going to move out I have to maybe carry
small equipment to continue the hobby so I was H taking these
pictures also I went to a scure constellation to the sculpure Galaxy
nice and here this is unprocessed image this is only stacking wow and this is a
global global cluster yeah this is a really feel of you to get all
this objects and well I think that's and this
is the last one of course the RO Fuki
nebula beautiful all this with this with this small equipment you know very
portable I only one Bock with the ASL ascar ASL 2000 200 the the the camera
all this the the the the another small gear and the mount
in is in another another box and that's all you know H and I was really really
happy because I always want to to capture this object and I couldn't I I Only Could It
could do it with the Nikon but it wasn't the
same so I give it a chance again and I really like the the work of this objects
so that night H I was also
no sorry another night in alberty I have to capture some comets that we
had this is um ah I don't remember the name
um yeah looks like you have is this an anti- tail yes it has two tails exactly you
have the comet the coma and the two tails ER it was almost 15 minutes
stucking in picture or a half an hour maybe H because it was very low ER above
the Horizon but anyway I could get these details H and also was a I had at that
moment the this um two chinan Comet that we have now very closing up
to the Sun so I give it a chance to capture it
again at night very nice uh and this was
very very very far away now is
more more near from us but it's very loud from The Horizon so
maybe in October H we'll when we have it with the annular solar Clips in October
here um maybe we can see it at the
Sunrise so this was uh this last two was with
the zwo 533 and the f48 in
telescope so I decided to practice with a very very small camera from
cwo is a planetary camera and working with the 8 in F6 so I
have a really huge Zoom for the objects it was in my
backyard practicing you know doing capture for one minute maybe and this is was the results for
example this is the same comets a couple nice later of that
one this is in my backyard well my last backyard in Chi
Koy uh and you can see it's the same that
here but very very more
Sumit uh I also went to planetary
nebulas from the southern from Southern Skies uh I was really shocked for the
you know maybe it was one hour stacking or something uh I I don't remember
yet but doing picture for one minute with a
very good guiding this is the the planetary the
[Music] Saturn nebula yeah exactly and when I I
always want to capture this but I didn't have very good details on the core and
everything but you can see there's a lot of shapes and the spars behind is
incredible with a planetary camera you know for taking picture of Saturn
Jupiter moon something and one hour of
capturing also this is one this is a very good one I really love to to
capture it uh I think it was uh the Southern ring right Nea no but no I I I don't
think it wasn't um well the M27
neula this is a a very F of view it's complete F of
view H but this object I have it very low on the horizon so if I want to have
details it's almost impossible when the sky
doesn't goes the the scene it doesn't Okay so anyway I give it I had to give
it a try with the 8 in F6 and this planetary camera and I have some details
on the core the the small ER star
that ionized the the gas and the structures of this particularly
neula um well I have to give a try to
M16 this is a oneon-one f of view with this planetary
camera I I was stunning when I did this in a Bly 67 in my
backyard 1 hour or two hours capturing this object only and I have all the structures of
the P of creation you know uh and and I
don't remember if I use yes I think I use a UV IR filter cut and that's
all um wow it could be a postcard yeah
this you know I really love to to give it a try again but I couldn't uh maybe
more later or maybe with another gear uh because
uh you know I like to compare results doing this in my backyard and also doing
with a very good Skies with light pollution and everything but anyway H
you know to show people what what is up there is very very good
one of course I did a practice with the SoMo Galaxy and I really love using this
camera of the details of in the edge of the
Galaxy you know and also kind of at the middle you
know like there but ER I was it was only 1 hour
very low or going down to the to the Horizon
but anyway I had to give a try yeah still
beautiful and this was the wowing the audience here Maxi thank
you yes well thank you everyone this was
the little gem nearby the Barnard Galaxy I think I remember uh this particular planetary neula you
can see through a nice piece with a telescope even if you are in the
pollution area light pollution area uh you can you can see it and if you take a
picture of maybe 10 seconds it's going to blow like a very
small ER green ball in the sky or in the picture I remember when I
started to to to do pictures and everything I was with my brother Christian and when we saw this we
thought that maybe we didn't know about Sky Maps or something but we thought
that maybe is you know like the colors and the shape we say bro is that wano or
Uranus um when we check it we saw that it wasn't but it was a planet charin so
it's very very bright you can see I I couldn't get more details let me
see if I can H correct more
the give it more or give give it less ER
light and you can see it's starting to grow the the structures of this
planetary nebula but I couldn't get er too much anyway
I I really love to capture Planet Char neula with this camera it was Theo 662 planetary
color camera and then in midd in beginning of
July one month and a half it came what I was looking for and I thought that maybe
this was going to be my my principal set up I bought a aw
585 MC Pro it has the the half of the
sensor of um for example this one is like the half
the the the end the the aner is the same but it's going to be at this at the the
middle of the frame so er I start to do
some practicing H I did this what in my backyard in chil H I have that
nights or those nights a really good scene you know because I found that my
St are shaped like it was very
rumos but anyway with my scope but anyway I give a try you know it has the
same size of the pixel than the planetary camera but with a bigger
sensor so the details going to be almost the same so you can see here but this is
unprocessed look at this yeah with the F4 yeah if you compare this creation
right here yeah yeah and this is unprocessed and this if with the F6 you
know of course you have more zoom and everything uh this is
one-onone and this is one on one uh let me oh
sorry to compare of course in this one you have
more focal length but this one you have less but anyway you still have some fine
details and of course the guiding the sky and everything it will be blur or
not your image and maybe if I deconvolution this maybe I will have
some dets I didn't process this I don't remember process this but I really love
so what I get but I want to try because I love to capture
galaxies and I give a try with a sculpture Galaxy I remember
and the fine details that I got that night was incredible but let me find the the the
pictures live and you see okay so what I got that
night it was this but I didn't like the colors I have
like pollution and everything but anyway look at that I really you know it was
one night maybe three hours because it's very late at the night so I give a try
to almost 5:00 a.m. or something and with like pollution clouds
or smoke because I have in Cho there are
it was very cold it was Winter practically winter we are still in winter but now it's G less more more
temperature uh so when I came here to St Louis I say okay in Cho I was at
60 met from the level of the sea 60 only
but here I almost one kilometer above the ER the
line of the sea the edge of the sea so I very high
altitude I say okay I will have more transparency in the city I have or the small town it
doesn't have too much light pollution maybe it's a bort of four or five but
it's desable when you process the images so I
give a try for three nights and I
finally grab the the better pictures that I have and I process the
NTC 253 and this is what the result here
Ines you can see the colors that I get the details of the fine clouds and the
ne the the pink or purple nebulosities like you know
Karina ER there so many there's too much you know here in the in the center here
in the this region and of course the little galaxies that I
got on the background oh yeah it's every
little Galaxy yeah yeah I really love to capture this it was in my backyard here
you know I was struggling with the guiding I have some fine clouds above my head sometimes sometimes the sing was oh
awful this this start was like very very round
like this so no it was I had to
the trash that but anyway when I stack this and I process this I process like
three times and I really love the shapes of the core they find digits on the The
Edge and and of course the colors you know H and this is all the F of view
with this camera and an F4 so er this tiny this 2 N the size of the
pixel H against a 3.75 microns of the f33 so it's very
low and the another object that I have it was this one this is particularly
shocking I never did this one I saw it by my friend Herman bakar that he this
he did this with his RC and I have to try it with this new
camera wow I really love the the the feel of you that I get H
this is down the M no this is the all F of
you and this this is oneon-one you know I I to
be um to ER to tell you the truth I drizzled this in Photoshop ER for two
times of the size of the image but anyway I didn't lost
details maybe a couple of the um the the noise he came but
anyway this place was really really good one you know remembers me a mix of
m42 the horse nebula and the MH nebula
it has it has it all more to the right it was a I think a very small planet
nebula or a very small nebula a reflection neula but I couldn't get
it on the stacking but I have this one the reflection nebula on the corner
and I really love this object you know it's a very very good one maybe next
year we well thank you beautiful so
well uh this is for now I think I hope
that you enjoyed this little resume that I did
of five months almost it was great it was great
ha yes I I abandon you you know yes yes
you aband you abandon to me um a Nico because you abandon our Province when
OES you you abandon but you you don't go to another
country if not it's another state it's more in the west and really uh well he
he it's like if you're New York and I went to
AR or maybe more Utah something like
that yeah he really he went he he moved to the mount to the sieras um he's he's
having more clear skies more less humid
and we are happy because he he's in maybe he
work um in the destinity to go to a to a
better place uh that's right the of the life like
David Tucson or something yes yes yeah that's right yes you get the word for
your fiance I I know for for it was too
too much time yes but why not s Lis okay s Lis why s Lis okay say yes say yes
okay we can we can move to St Louis yes uh and I had I had friends in in s Louis
observator La um actually they have a
you visited the mid 16
Maxi I not yet I was I wasn't prepared yet because I want to do go slowly you
know maybe they see some work that I do how many only few weeks you
you time yes one month yeah you was you start to produce with a
Y 100 and askcar Maxi yeah the the first one shots that I
showed uh it was with that gear this was
H the last one was the with the F4 eight inches but you know I grabbed the two
equipments here my wife said well have too much
yeah we don't have too much ER space to to have you know I had to abandon the
the Dobson in my house maybe in a couple months I will grab it because you need
to donate to to n because n Nico is the is the fan of Dobson
yeah yeah yes this feels a bit like a reunion because it's been a while since
we would close down Global Star Party Scott just threw me in with the southern
hemisphere team and and it was it was an honor because you all were the first
ones to show me images from the Southern Hemisphere and especially along the Milky Way and I enjoyed knowing and
seeing some of these things through your live views and your images beautiful
beautiful images that are coming along Maxi are very very very good almost as
good as Cesar but I am not a good photographing people
to make photography but I'm not the the photograph oh we're we're all learning
Max is the man yeah we didn't listen Landscapes are and amazing Max I I I
wrote in our inner chat ER I say Maxi the the messy
of Maxi we are proud ofx we're very proud but we learned from Sali that it's
about the the images and the uh Outreach in the presentation and I always enjoyed
doing it with you all on the latter half of uh Global Star Party the southern
hemisphere section where we uh we saw so many things that you know those of us in
the northern hemisphere didn't always get to see on a night toight basis so it was uh yeah it's it's
a wonder I don't think my beard was as big the last time all three of us were together no I I remember more larger it
was larger okay then it got it got cut I'm trying to bring it back so so
yeah this is this is a good moment for me so it's time it's now now time for
Caesar okay so Caesar thank you you thank you for coming
on I I love to share my time with maxi and Adrian and the entire group because
it's it's a it's a great group um we know I'm happy to be back here H it was
a few months that I was since was here but you know uh I hope that I can
continueing be here for now I will doing pictures on my in my backyard processing
and trying you know to a job but no you you move and you I I I thought oh how
many times is going to to return Maxi to after photography no you return now and
the best thing is that you don't don't lose time and you return to again to
make astrop photography um when you start to say okay you are making this
and you are moving Maybe what two weeks ago and really really is
is really great um we we um really uh
that you have the how do you say the emphasis the the energy to make this
because it's very stressing moving and you know but you are in the a better
place um really you enjoy um you are a
approach the place that this is the best you know when when was the the approach
the approach of Jupiter and Mars a couple nights ago H I was waiting for my
wife to open the the garage and everything but you know I was watching that and the clear sky that I have here
I saw all the colors of Jupiter Mars the alivar and star and it was a really
pry ER perspect perspective that I got watching that that maybe in my city with
the light pollution you don't see that is more like blue or something but the F
or something but in this Cas was clear sky and and you are approaching totally
and you you scale two bottles more over the your
your this is amazing um we you you can produce from your your own house H your
your from your own backyard ER great pictures you you don't need to go like
in the past to another place maybe we maybe wor five I you are now or four
maybe I think it's five I said five but yes yes but in your hands five is is
to for me yeah it's the handicap you know I I I have to say I'm sorry s
because I have struggled with my car because when I quit my job I say okay I
have to travel to Wes to visit you to visit the planet the planetar of woid
but I couldn't because my car engine was
CH yeah yes I don't remember the name in English but it's yes so I I couldn't
travel and when I get repair I have to travel here so yes yes it was very sell
a telescope to to to repair your car no yet no please so I want to say you
personally and I hope maybe in a couple months if I go to visit again
okay invite to say hello so yeah yes it will be great I make a a real a real hun
conun with Nico and you the the the the the trio the
[Laughter] trio eventually it'll be a quad when I
make it down there I what are you what are you
for sound like uh yes come on yeah yeah I I've been wanting to
say more buy your ticket buy your ticket and and came to Buenos Isis and we can go
and now Eclipse we have an eclipse this yesel
marel and and really well um it's it's something that that South Hemer we are
preparing the the trip to to the anular eclipse in Patagonia next presentation
next week or well for for the for the next Global SAR I going to show how it
will be the the the driving maybe 2,000
kilometers or maybe more to 2,500 kilometers because I don't I don't
I don't I don't buy the ticket I not I forget but I say okay people I like to
to use my telescope in the South and I prefer going driving H from buenos to
Santa Cruz Province and it's around 2,500 kilometers where are you going to
be days two days two days by car two days yes two days I'm planning to go to Argentina to see the eclipse tell me
Marcelo okay I'm going Garcia that you you know
to yeah yes we are we are going to
Puerto I forget the name no no Puerto PRP is not in
Argentina you can see from calafat also but calafat maybe maybe calafat it can
be but we are going to Puerto San Julian yes yes we are going to Puerto
San Julian marchelos if you need something or if you you are going to
calafate do you I'm I'm choosing I have doubt
abouta because last time I saw the eclipse caat you know calafat caat is
amazing it's it's in the mountains it's great it's great yeah but
remember that in that place you have clouds of course in the near yes
have it's like Maxi say that if you can
go to the middle of of the between the mountains and the sea or in the sea
maybe in this part do you have less uh possibilities of clouds the last last an
remember it's pointing to yeah remember it's pointing to the West you know it's I think 4 P.M yeah
yes I think that the it's I think that until five until five
the logistic for yes yes the logistic for Puerto in the in the East um is more easy
because uh the problem with with the two cities Puerto San Julian or Pena where
where I made my military service um it's a place that don't have
commercial flights yes yes but many many years ago um the young Cesar bro like a
military is impossible to imagine today but um the problem is that there are
small towns that don't have airports with commercials you need to go
toodo ravia or calafat or Rio gashos but we we can
be in contact marelo if you need something because about if you if you if
I take places H ER for hotels in Puerto
San Julian I I contact you for that because I know that the number of places
actually in the entire Patagonia are really really they're really full um
maybe some small places are available I don't know for for for for to to take a
hotel of course uh um but we are I I yes
of course of course because we are working in this and and it's a pleasure if you came with us or um we Maxi of
course yeah yes Mar no problem no problem for me it be a pleasure to be
Argentina again because the eclips F was fantastic see yes my
friende Garcia was in the calafat and and
and he had an excellent excellent um okay an excellent experience um and
really well we are working in this and tonight I have some pictures of the
conjuntion of Mars and Jupiter and some something that I make with the with the
moon have a now here because between
Saturn and moon absolutely that's tonight Saturn and the moon and I
still don't know if I will have the strength to get up to see if I can go see it but uh we'll see yes yes that's I
try to all over the globe it'll be close sure I try to to to sh to share my
screen where is because I have a big big mess I'm Chang to the another another screen
[Music] de I think
that okay now it is working yeah yes it's
working because maybe you can see you can see my my um my WhatsApp the group
of people that we have and the idea of this
is show you first of all the setup that I use in the in the rooftop
of the welding to take the picture uh to take the picture of
um of um the conun of jiter and
Mars and I put this okay well here do you can see uh
picture of the Moon okay A little mineral
maybe um let me know I try I I need to see the the um maybe the best way is see
watch uh the Youtube
okay okay well okay perfect
well the difference between this I try first different pictures that
they took um and and videos of the
conun and let me check where
is First I show
you
[Music]
okay you can talk and feel the this moment because the problem is
that I I can find yeah looking for that it looks like yeah the videos especially
especially the videos but no I I put the
videos they are somewhere in oh yeah
yeah and trying ah okay well this is the first
video uh that I show you and this is this was this was um with the first light of
the desk in the in the in the
morning maybe this is in ABI is more easy to share
well here we have a um an um individual
shot of a video of Who beit with the same moment of the the
conenction you know s i I want to give a try with this new camera because the
size of the the field of view ER
perfectly was with Jupiter and Mars but the scene was so terrible that Mars and
Jupiter looks like a bacteria or something moving
in yes and maybe maybe the problem that you have in well I I show this video to
show the the the scene of the morning and you can see it's not it's not so so
bad but H maybe do you have for example from buenos we have this over the Rio de
La Plata and over the the rear plate yes the rear
plate do you have less less uh scene because you have a a something like this
it's how do you say it's [Music] um it's a more stable because you have
water you have a cool temperature but if you watch for example maybe in St Louis
to the east maybe do have the uh the mountain for for
the no the motor what I have here more for the north yeah exactly to the east
is more a farm area with some little mountain but not not too much yeah yes
well this is a processor theat that I I could ER make and where you have mostly
the shape of hiter of course that that the the quality is so so because the the
scene was like I say Maxi maybe a little better but not enough to to to take a
great picture but do you have a wrong Mars and you you have a mostly wrong
hiter but I couldn't make a overexposure and process uh
to and you know Maxi maybe to put the hiter with the satelli i but the satell
satellit but well this is a decent picture of the conjuntion in the same in
the same ER field of view I us it a
three, 3,000 by 3,000 uh pixels uh
camera and I use it like the the telescope that I used was over a EXs 100
mod I use um 4 in maxut
telescope um and the the focal length of this uh maxoto telescope
is one uh one
100 sorry 1,400 millimet it's a huge focal L for a
small telescope um work very very well for for this uh for this occasion where
I was enough to have in the same field of view of the sensor both planets and
this was a a great thing for me because I used a a say Maxi um telescope a
pocket telescope not a small telescope but really is so so easy to put in the
elevator and go to the roof tube and uh connect all fastly and and have a a
great results in another way I I show
you I'll show
you ah sorry the moon in the in the H the
night before the conun the conun was at around five
five and five 530
am and in the in the night I'll show you first some some
videos of the
Moon all is with the same telescope the the explore scientific F FS like maxut
of 1002 or 4
in I love to see the videos yes because it's you have was a a really a windy
night but the but if you see the some um
results some some final image that I process do have a great uh
quality great great quality
image for a small telescope for example
this look that wow that looks nice very nice it's
not the rubber RS image but it's a decent how do you
say two weeks ago they say okay when robber
aent yes yes coming from Robert re for me was like oh my god well I I make this
and I'm happy to to say that the the quality the optic
quality of the telescope is perfect for make uh lunar and planetary image no
there's some detail I can see in there Cesar that shows me you have a very nice
image uh Robert Reeves has shown us some of the uh features and looking at a few
of them you know you can't get those features with you know unless you're
very very steady with a large lens camera or you've got the right telescope
and the right Focus um a few of them I'm seeing right now it's um I think it's
very very well done absolutely absolutely thankk
you for me I I I'm I'm really happy that you tell me and uh and um if uh
really hi Robert how are you I am I am I am learning for
you but but the idea is all time the all time the idea is uh that uh we we talk
uh with the people that is um encourage encouraging for the people encouraging
to people especially to kids to make an affordable affordable equipment
affordable gear like this and start to make great things um because this is
something like everyone can make this and this is a a it's a video with maybe
700 frames very easy to make uh and really uh our idea um each uh
Saturday by month one Saturday by month we make in our in our
um um sorry now where
um okay I I uh okay I I now you can you
can okay I no I stopped to share the screen I don't know if it's
okay okay um really the the I I'm really inspir
for me image like Maxi or Roberts or Adrian or everyone in the in the star
barrier incredible um the small thing that I can make it's for encouraging
encouraging people and especially teenagers and kids to uh use the
telescope and take a lot of H resources that have from their uh equipment but
because here you can use a planetary camera and you can use
um entry level telescope like a small maxutov uh one in 4 in telescope and you
have a great a great opportunity H to to ging people to teach people to
use a telescope and and take results that are ason
ason because it's h something that you can found in a book and
now er do have the opportunity ER with that small equipment
to to to take a beautiful image uh um I
can I can make a a very fast processing of one of the this image let
me let me check if I can make one of
this okay
I return to the to the videos the
videos I I try to one of the the image of the
Moon I like to show how how this it's very easy
and I can I can make this opening first a
video here I I have the here perfect
I don't know if we have ah here here perfect
sir okay well for example here I
have one of the videos I don't make something I don't
make something complicated tonight only I I use the mostly
the the how do you say the parameters that you have first firstly in in
the sorry I I need to go one one step
ago and explain something H first of
all we can put points
for stacking the video because all programs that make you don't you don't
take a picture of the Moon you filming a video for example with maybe half minute
and in this half minute you do have a number of a quantity of um of
[Music] um of uh
frames nice again and H these kind of points are for
for stacking the image of the frame and we are going to stack maybe I
would make a disaster now but I show something like R the process to to
stacking the video the frames of the
video um in this process in this process you can
make um very uh very sharp picture of of a
video that maybe the video you have this movement that I show in the in the in
the video that that I show I I sh earlier
and now I'm
going to to found the
image this is in uh in the same place where I go I
went just I went
okay here and it's something that is now 22
okay
here this is ah perfect is this okay I'm opening with another
software that is for processing by wavelets
the the image that the Stacked image from the
video sorry it's here is is a
th processed image
okay and we can work now I I try in this software that
is a free software and make look that uh working
working with this uh tool that is sharpen filter oh
wow look the difference between yes yes I love this and this is the new one
because the old one was the reist tax and they Pro they the same people that
make the reist tax in the past they make a new one uh that that is the this new
software uh I can share in in YouTube the
the or or to show where you can download the the
software um uh to share because it's free software is very easy to
use and really have a lot a lot of different tools to make gray lunar and
planetary image well here you can work with the the noise tool do have
another the noise tool later to work but now my idea is not make a lot of of uh
of um how do you say a lot of
noise oh yeah just look in that one area compared to the rest of it it's yeah
yeah yes it's and now it's all being proud of that's
great thank you Cesar thank you ah it's a pleasure thank you so much
yes okay all right well we got to see uh
uh some Southern Skies to the beauty of Maxi's uh uh images and also through
Cesar's uh images uh from his balcony and uh and got a little tutorial here so
it's very cool very cool yes
okay next Global star party we can work more with tutorials with more tools and details
I'm happy to show this free software very easy to download to use it's all
free the outo stacker to to stack in the pictures
and the sharp sharpen wave sharp wave sharp it's a
beta version and work very well um really it's free and with a small
telescope small um small
M you can make great things with softw is free yes yes and a small budget too
yes especially for kids for for teenagers uh that fathers that are
looking for to buy something for them and all time fathers that they say you
my kids really love to have the first telescope um with how they can what he
can do it and this is the the way that I like to
show I appreciate it you very much see next Global star
thank you all right take care all right so um uh we
are uh all the way to you Adrian beautiful image of the Milky Way behind
you y that was is that glow City glow or is that I think it's City
glow um Accord yeah the one to this
shoulder is a city in the distance and over here there's some more glow that's
you it's kind of interfering with the core there um this was that was taken in the upper peninsula and it was the first
time of me looking at a sky with enough Darkness to show the structure and color
the Milky Way those of us that have seen the Milky Way like that um I wanted to
get a picture of it over a nearby Falls and I missed by about five seconds
of taking an image because when I got there it was dark when I got to the platform the very
moment um nautical twilight started was the moment I hit the shutter and I
instantly saw the difference in the light and I went I missed it but uh but it's okay like for you you're
you're you're witnessing it you're seeing it visually right yeah and and just trying to capture what I see was
yeah yeah so what was running through your mind um oh I absolutely talk about
that was the first time I I saw the Milky Way and I think it I don't think
anything was going through it because everything was blown out of it it was there was nothing there but wow this is
amazing and then the second thing was I want to capture this so I got to get the
camera set up and you know do what I can and um you know got it focused and you
know the the actual image I'll go ahead and see if I can find that I'm going to
move my screen so it looks like I'm turning my head that's because I want to
share um I was also going to share with uh Cesar um he just told you how to get
the moon um and uh you know I definitely
love Cesar's work but unfortunately I do beg to differ
sometimes with the camera that I had kind of shown briefly that's the instruments that I use to do some Stills
directly of the recent blue moon but let me show really quick because I want to
we'll continue on the uh theme that milky that was a very important Milky
Way sighting if you know we'll call it that for me because
um and here it goes um this it's a wasteland of an
image but the sky itself this was not done with a modified camera and that and
you can kind of tell because some of the the regions that are normally pinkish in the modified images are not but
absolutely all the detail was coming out this large dark nebula and Hercules here
go in and you can see Barnard Z if this will when you zoom in sometimes it takes
a while for the focus look at the bitara Ed here look at Barnard's e it it popped
out some of the a lot of the hearts of the image like the coat hanger here
looks just like a coat hanger that I love looking for when I take these
images CU I do it from an astronomy standpoint delus showed up here and we're just
getting into the signis rift um alberio is probably buried somewhere
I think this it looks like a single star if it's not this one you know this
double star here um usually when you take a wide- angle image you don't get
the two stars you see that comprise alberio I was even starting to get some
of the galactic bulge region here and there's a uh sh2
27 seemed to begin to form this is 61 so I went 60 seconds so of course
this is blurred out but a minute of Imaging and probably the one one of the
more balanced images that I've taken I've I continue to take some unbalanced
images here's me trying to combine it with that um and of course
you get this sort of panoramic effect I tried combining that image with the
uh this image of sickness here I don't think the veil came out and you can
barely see parts of it right here um I think but without that uh ha modified
camera um you the pieces in parts of some of the ha regions weren't as
prominent but it was um it was amazing to see it and I think that's
the the whole goal of everything that I do including when I go somewhere in
image and Daybreak now this is not the Sun for those this is the Moon Rising
underneath this fading Milky Way here because we're hitting nautical twilight and the image that I took make
the color a little brighter than it actually was but you're catching sort of
the line between um astronomical Twilight and
nautical twilight is some of the things that I would attempt to do to try and capture
different areas or you know regions or different things that the night sky
does because as you can sort of see in this you know there's all sorts of things from a tree that no longer looks
like this the branch broke off there's the Falls that I was going to image from
and I think yeah this is what I ended up with just a this was the I just missed
it shot there's the small Sagittarius start cloud and um I don't know matter I'll
leave the info up for those that want to know the specs on how I you know the
settings this happened you know um basically seconds
the light changed and we were in nautical twilight and there's the Milky
Way fading so the image I would have had would have been Darkness lots of stars
and the Milky Way angled this way with the waterfall and I may have had a chance to
even by this time here's here's your shot Milky Way is now gone it didn't
take long from that point so last vestages of the Milky Way There were
clouds here too and there's some of the stars that are still visible and there's
another angle where you can see the full part of the falls and it's winter um I was a lot more more Fearless
when it came to Imaging and I would go out middle of the winter icy roads and
take these images so so really quickly so that we'll get
back to some of those now about the moon and of course Robert Reeves will share
his wonderful images but um you can see I have a string of pictures that I took
some handheld some not so much handheld when you handhold the
moon and I don't know if you could see that you handhold the moon most of the
time you're gonna miss and this is from last night that's
a Miss but sometimes it's almost like lucky
Imaging you hold it still and you use image stabilization you get a
hit I judge hits by looking at this
region and I don't know I will admit to not knowing exactly the regions but
Robert Reeves called this and you'll see it in a couple of other images it's it looks a little bit like Thor's hammer
it's a I think there's a like a mount it's kind of a mountain or Plateau that
resembles Thor's hammer to me this resembles the boot of Italy um but you know this that actually
isn't the sharpest that you can get it
using a uh using the same camera and maybe getting a spat of Lucky
Imaging you can get even sharper in that region and see now of course with a
little bit of process you can start to see some of that structure here now that
was processed a certain way I took this this image it's a bit processed so it it
may when it comes in but now look at some of the detail this is a 600 mimer
lens handheld but leaning up against a car still didn't quite get it as perfect
as you'll see it if if Ron goes through this particular region
um but uh you can get very close it just and of course you see some of the noise
so compared to Cesar's image which was very clean you still have to contend
with some of the noise but what you do if you're taking the image of course
the further back you move the less that you know less that noise comes into
play and and you push the saturation just a little bit to see the differences
you can do a mineral Moon all the imagers um know that there if you push
the saturation all the way with this thing you get What's called the mineral
Moon here which these elements iron titanium it was found that those
elements really do exist there and somehow sensors
oversaturated Point those regions out now the way that you and I see the moon
is more like this and that's if we if we
have with our eyesight actually that's more like
that black and white you might be able to detect the slight difference in color
in uh I think this is uh Mari citis if I'm not mistaken or this one um my moon
knowledge that's what that's what Robert Reeves is for as he comes on he will
and I I try to take notes but I uh sometimes fail I just know I like to capture it
and I've the region that I love on the moon is the one where my alma mater University of Michigan um Hadley's real
is over here Cesar actually had it imaged beautifully where Apollo 15
landed the all University of Michigan and I do believe they were all Air Force Falcons too um um I think warden's one
of them um I used to know I used to know the names Irwin Warden Irwin Warden
Scott and Scott All U ofm graduates and I believe
all Air Force graduates if I'm right Robert yes the only all Air Force Mission yep so they flew and landed here
in Hadley's real which if I'm not mistaken it's this region here and um
were the Apollo 15 crew and of course the other the other Apollo Landing sites
are here 12 and 14 not far from um I do
believe not far from this crater I know this is cernus um and you had 11 17
16 um 12 and 14 Apollo 13 landed where
or Apollo 14 landed where Apollo 13 was supposed to land and then Apollo 15 over
here so that's the moon I want to end my segment with what was up in the sky um
not too long ago on um let's see this is August August 11th
and 12th we retreated to a display and
I'll see if this image okay we treated to an aural display when we were just
out trying to see meteors and we even have the streamer it's either Steve I
think it's more SAR which I had uh
captured the name of it I will see if
I nope that's
Steve right here so the
names if I have them so this one talks
about it was given an acronym of Steve and it should be up
here Allan Dyer I guess is credited for finding
it um but there it's a different it's a different display it's not quite
Aurora and there are some of you in the chat right now some of you watching that
are yelling at your screen telling me what it means because you remember I had this
put um I had this copied so that I could
read it off uh but cannot find it and want
to let's see here it's so the glob was called Steve here
this is this article thought I had a better article of it that uh
described this describes what it looks like in my photo and these are artifacts
of a badly done Panorama um he Allan Dyer actually saw
this photo and thought I had captured Steve because he saw this um another
imager said it's probably s which lasts longer in the sky
and La lasts longer than Steve typically lasts about an hour if you're looking at
an auroral display and SAR beautiful lasts for hours and that's what this
particular band did it stretched all the way to this region where the Milky Way
is and um let's go ahead and grab let's see
here so here you have there's the perc being upstaged by all of this auroral
activity and me aiming up at the signis region this is with the camera that's
not modified and let me
find I had the picture with the camera that was modified and to my dismay it is
not here here I will find it but let's go with
this one which is an image while the Aurora
was raging and there you have another perced one of the images I really like
that I found recently um as Scott knows I like to paint tranquil scenes when it comes to
Imaging um to the point where when I do this is the other side there's the
little Steve or SAR which I tend to believe it was more of a sar I thought
this was a artifact in my shot but it turns out it was not what's what is the difference
Adrian SAR it the difference seems to be that SAR lasts longer in the sky and is
closer like this shows up closer to the
Aurora itself you know it stretches the band stretches
and I think there's a difference in actually the colors are a little different with Steve
sometimes comes a green picket fence phenomenon and there was none here
whereas it it's it's essentially like this this jointed band here it I see
it's described as that disjointed band so that is
you to best of my knowledge that is what it is and of course after I'm done presenting and I look it up I will
probably type it in our chat so that it can be sent out I will finish my
presentation with a time lapse I finally did a time
lapse of Aurora and you can see now you'll see people come to this bench
they were here to look for percs I've put this to music but of course I muted that because you know there can be some
copyright issues but there you see what we saw during our ryal outbreak very nice
when the very nice and you can see some planes a lot of perseids were
going through at the same time so it was a it was a very beautiful site I do believe the couple spent the moment to
actually notice that there was Aurora there and then they resumed their search
for perseids and there were many but um I know a lot of people were distracted
and turned to Aurora
so very good yep so that is all right and I will go and stop
sharing thank you wonderful a great ending thank you very much
Adrian and um our next speaker is um
Robert Reeves and here I am let's see if I can uh thank you thank you
Adrian thank you for having me and Cesar sometimes you can take a moon picture
with a camera it isn't as detailed as the
telescope yeah you you need a Max telescope the list is Never Never
full the backet list in Astron me yes a 14 in like a like a robber
H yeah but when you're on a budget well you can you can do pretty good with a uh
fairly simple it won't show it anymore with a uh DSLR or mirrorless with a
large enough lens it's a good start or it's the we'll call it budget Moon photography
okay well with that we will give uh uh Robert Reeves our po our man from the
that delivers the postcards from the Moon all righty well thank you for having me back on um thank you the U
theme of the show I think was uh you know shift in in Cosmic paradigms how uh
we see things differently in the universe now than what uh they thought years ago well you know of course a huge
changes in astronomy just within our lifetime you know you know black holes Dark Energy all that kind of stuff um
just science fiction stuff just a generation ago but now it's U pretty much mainstream well the same with the
Moon the Moon um has undergone a tremendous change in U how we see it and
understand it um within our lifetime and indeed uh since we went to the moon
since Apollo went to the moon um it's a kind of strange to think that uh we
didn't have a pretty good handle on the moon before we sent people to it but uh in fact about 99% of what we know about
the moon now um um is from ever since uh the mid 1960s so um um during my
lifetime uh the moon evolved from uh nothing to what we know today uh so let
me see if I can get my screen share I do not see an option for screen share the
bottom of my can you activate the screen share for me I cannot activate it I can deactivate
it yeah well it does not show up on my at the bottom you know the usual button that I click for screen share is not
there usually the host has to allow it let me
see let me try this do you see it now no
no participants chat react sh share there it is there it is it's there now
okay boom there we go alrighty you are screen sharing hello
here we go by standard uh standard uh
screen um so uh since most of what we know about the
moon has come about since my life since I was in high school even I mean they
the Apollo program came to its fruition when I was an adult um I was in the Navy
when Apollo 11 landed and you know that's about as adult as you can get when you're in the middle of the Vietnam
War so um um prior to that you know I was in high school grade school back
when uh we first uh started taking the initial shots at the moon and uh gosh I
remember back in the 1950s uh you know the science fiction movies like a destination Moon by George pal um still
excellent movie even though it's you know clearly a Pure Old science fiction
but those were coming out when I was was young and and could understand uh the concept of of the moon in the sky and
the astronomy but uh um like I said it's just um since I've been an adult that
we've really understood the moon so prior to that everything we knew about the Moon is what we could see in a
telescope or calculate uh with uh pen and pencil no computers back then all of the uh the
great mathematicians who um understood gravity and mass and everything uh back
in the 1700s using uh Newton's laws of physics and so forth um they could
calculate the masses and the Motions of the moon and the planets but they
couldn't tell what they were made out of where they came from uh in fact one of the basic U premises of of the entire
Apollo program going to the Moon back in the 1960s was to determine where did the moon come from and surprisingly we still
don't have a definitive positive answer for that we have theories we have theories that are widely accepted but we
still do not definitively know where the heck the moon came from so let's uh very
briefly go through a summary of our understanding of the physical Moon and
U one thing back in 1950s I remember um the um um Nobel laurate Herold Yuri a
world famous geochemist um he was adamant that the moon was this U Time
Capsule of primordial matter from the birth of the solar system well we now
know the Moon is not the primordial object that we thought it was before the Space Age the moon is made of Rocky
material that has been melted and heavily modified by both exogenic and endogenic forces now those are fancy
words by to say uh the moon has been smacked by meteorites asteroids and
comets and it has had volcanic eruptions from within the moon so it's uh far from
the Time Capsule of pristine primordial material that formed at the birth of the
solar system it has been heavily heavily modified since then and get the next one
now there were two conclusions that were drawn about the moon prior to the Space Age now this came about back in the late
1950s Gerard Kyper had a lot to do with it and so to William Hartman uh that the
moon underwent a huge bombardment about a half a billion years after it was formed and that's where we see all the
great basins that uh later filled with with lava and formed the um the Mario
which formed the face of the man on the moon and also volcanic activity began on the moon about 700 million years after
it was formed and was prevalent for about a billion years and that's when the face of the man and the moon evolved
from these volcanic eruptions U now after 50 years of the
tense research since we have gone to the moon and brought back samples the Apollo
missions the Luna missions now the uh uh Chinese Changi uh uh missions to the
near and far sides bringing back samples uh after 50 years of research the moon remains lifeless and the lunar samples
that have been returned no living organisms no fossils and no organic compounds have been
found now lunar Evolution process through the accretion of smaller bodies
melting and impacts have left the moon with a Coss about 60 kilom deep and a
uniform lithosphere reaching about a th000 kilometers below the surface below it lies a partially liquid core and we
still not know for certain if the moon possesses a small iron core although I
strongly suspect that it does it's small perhaps about 100 km in
diameter now the oldest rocks on the moon are the 4.6 billion year old light
colored Highlands known as the Terry now curious thing about the some of these
rocks uh Apollo 16 recovered a an anorthosite sample um that has been
dated as 4.4 billion years old one of the oldest
known Rock on the moon and the really cool thing about it is I know the guy who picked it up um General Duke lives
about 25 miles up Interstate 35 from me up in new brel and uh I've run into him
at conventions here and there and uh it's kind of cool and annoying that that uh he picked up literally the oldest
rock on the moon now the youngest rocks on the moon are as old as the oldest
rocks on the earth so uh now the Earth and the moon form from the same Source
material that's um the leading theory right now which
I'll go into a little bit deeper here shortly and the Earth and the moon evolve similarly but the Moon is depleted in iron and volatile elements
uh the lunar rocks formed in high temperature events with little chemical reaction with water and evidence of the
earliest events that occurred both on the earth and the moon billions of years ago now are only seeing on the moon
that's because moon has no atmosphere no water Earth on the other hand has a very
Dynamic atmosphere uh here has plate tectonics and weather and that constantly erods
and modifies the surface now lunar rocks can be cized
into three broad types volcanic basalts that erupted from the interior and
formed the dark regions of the Moon we call the Maria an North sites which are
the lightweight material that floated to the surface of an early Mol and moon and
bretches which are excuse me there's a cat trying to climb on top of my other
monitor uh newest addition to our family this is Olivia and she is very
rambunctious um and like I said the third category are bretches formed by
the mixing of these other rocks that are crushed together by uh meteorite
impacts now after the molten Moon solidified it was blasted by by thousands of asteroid impacts during the
late heavy bombardment uh this was a period about 3.8 3.9 billion years ago
that coincides with what we call the nectarian epoch and I will explain that shortly now the largest impacts created
the basins later flooded with lava to form the Maria which we see as the dark
spots that create the face of the man and the moon and the primordial moon was
much closer to the Earth than the modern moon when the moon formed it was about
10 times closer than it is now and it has been slowly receding away from the
earth at the rate of about 2 point uh um no excuse me 3.5 cmers per year which
basically means that in the time since Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon and today the Moon is now about two yards
further away so um Jerry saying is the crust on
the far side is thicker than the near side crust and um it would take a while to explain that but uh I'll just leave
it as that that's the way it is and most volcanic flooding uh on the basins
occurred on a thinner crust near side there's no large regions of balt on the far side the higher density Basalt
within the near side basins displace the moon's center of gravity allowing the moon to enter synchronous rotation and
keep the same side always facing toward the Earth so and uh over for billions of
years of its existence the moon has been blasted by countless meteorites that have crushed the upper layer of the
crust into a mixture of dusted Rock we call regali and because these impacts
can excavate Rock samples from deep within the moon's crust um by selectively picking up these
these rocks by train geologists on site it's possible to analyze the interior
the chemical composition of the Interior the mo and and why is my ADV there it goes
whoops Advance too much back up one now um I saying shift
in thinking about the moon just within my lifetime I remember very heavy debates back in the mid 1960s 64
1965 um even as late as that U about whether or not craters on the moon
something as basic as a lunar crater was a volcanic origin or was it of impact
origin even as Apollo was flying to the Moon they were still debating this
that's how recent it's been since there's been a universal acceptance that creaters on the moon were created by
impacts and U now they're ubiquitous all over the moon and it's kind of hard to
look at them and not visualize that they were created by an impact but then again
our modern thinking is skewed by uh the fact that we've been told this but uh they just never looked like
volcanoes to me I always thought there were impacts now um I mentioned the
change in thinking and uh in the moon just in the since the Apollo era um you
know back when uh when I was in high school the Apollo's missions were flying there were three different theories
about how the moon came about like I said one of the premises of sending Apollo to the moon was to try to
determine how the moon was created and strangely it may be the last
question we answer about the moon uh but back then we thought the moon was either
U created elsewhere in the solar system and gravitationally captured by the Earth it was created as a twin world of
the Earth at the same time or it spun off from the earth vision of our planet
that was spinning very rapidly after its initial formation well after the Apollo
program was over with about 10 years later um a general consensus began to
form that the moon was created by the Collision Of Two Worlds uh a
hypothetical planet that we call Thea about the size of Mars occupied the same
region around the Sun that our Proto Earth did and the Two Worlds collided
about 4.6 billion years ago and uh computer simulation after computer
simulation shows that in this Collision a moon will form from from the cloud of
debris and the early moon was certainly molten uh this uh AC Creed Coalition
coales ball of heated uh Rock uh The
Continuous impacts uh the radioactive elements within it um provided enough heat that the the moon melted the entire
surface was a global magma ocean and um I'll give you a clue keep an eye out for
the next several days um on the astronomy Magazine online edition for my article about the new results from uh uh
um India's space mission last year that uh heavily U implies that the early Moon
possess this magma Global magma ocean but in this uh um this postulated magma
ocean the heavy radioactive elements sank the iron sank the silicat floated
to the top and it took millions of years for the moon to solidify and when it did
then it went through periods the various periods of geologic time now these were not determined until after the Apollo
missions this whole lunar dating scheme is very recent in u the chronology of
lunar studies um prior to about four billion years ago to back to the
formation of the Moon the era we call Pre nectarian then I mentioned the late
heavy bombardment where the moon was and the Earth and all the other planets heavily bombarded by asteroids and
comets this was about 3.8 3.9 billion years ago very brief period of time in
the existence of the moon but it significantly altered the face of the Moon then the emban um Epoch after that
where volcanic flooding created the face of the man and the moon and then the two
billion years of the arsenian aoch where there's U the cratering that occurred on
the moon after uh the uh uh uh Mario formed and then the modern era about a
billion years ago to the present the certican epoch and we identify all
craters formed in this period of time by the fact that they still have a ray structure around them rays will fade
after about a billion years so if you see a crater with a ray it's a young one
now looking back with the Hind of what we know now post Apollo digesting
everything that uh we've put together U throughout the 400 years of uh
telescopic observation and sending spacecraft to the Moon um this Don Davis painting um smizes what the Moon looked
like uh during the nectarian epoch about 3.8 billion years ago before volcanism
flooded its surface and uh very heavily cratered huge basins uh on its face and
then the emban epoch where volcanic flooding uh fill the low-lying basins
with Basalt and created the dark features that make the caricature of the
man and the moon and then the modern aoch certicate aoch where the craters
that have Ray structures U they still the Rays still survive so um in a nutshell um you can
go out later to ton night uh the moon will be rising a little bit Past full moon so it'll be similar to this View
and you can look up with your your eyes or Ju Just a pair of binoculars and see
the face of the man and the moon the dark regions that um are flooded with B
salt and uh uh look on that and realize that you're looking at something that we
have just recently understood um 100 years ago uh it was completely unknown
how this came about but now we can look at the Moon with our own eyes and see the evidences of how it
was created the giant round Maria or the basins that were uh the giant impacts
almost four billion years ago and then the volcanism that flooded it and the crors that peppered its surface uh we
can see some of these with our naked eye so uh you can look at the Moon and see
um these these features that um we've just very recently begun to understand
so uh uh just like the uh um cosmology is undergoing um tremendous paradig
shift with um the acceptance of black holes acceptance of dark energy
acceptance of quazars neutron stars uh these very science fiction like entities
that we only dreamed about just a generation ago uh the Moon is
also evolved right before our eyes we have an understanding of it now that we
did not have when I was a young person so uh it is uh it is evolving right
along with the rest of of astronomy and we still have a lot yet to learn we've
got to go back and uh poke and dig around in it some more and uh there's still much much to be left to be learned
about the moon so uh we're running a little late so I'll cut it off right there and say uh I've had a lot of fun
chatting about the moon again and hope to do it again sometime I appreciate it very much I I
have uh I was chatting with the uh group here and I have now dubbed you the David
Attenborough of the Moon well I've been called a for it's
not not only how knowledgeable you are but it's your voice it's your voice and
the way that you describe the moon and the you know the obvious love
and um you know I hear someone that understands
something as well as you do about the moon you know and to hear it live is really amazing we really do appreciate
it you know there U someone else that has your book I think it was Jeff wise
maybe I might have gotten that wrong but they when they're reading the book they can hear your voice you know and uh
that's really cool that's wonderful that's wonderful I uh I really app appreciate that sentiment and uh like I
said I've uh been called many things in my life uh some which we cannot repeat
here but uh that that is I take that as a marvelous compliment uh David atenor
of the Moon I will I will I will wear that badge proudly okay all right that's great okay
all right so we are going to um uh to move from U from the United States down
to Brazil and uh um we will have
uh some time here to talk with marchelo Souza uh marello is uh uh he is the
editor of skyup magazine um we are getting ready to uh do some changes to
the magazine um uh and evolve Sky up uh uh
to uh uh you know address some of the more um
contemporary and and uh uh needed um types of articles in for our audience
and so um but um marchello has done a wonderful job you've been editing the
magazine now for is it two years is that right yes
yes all right always get great
collection contributors so the next magazine is near to be to be launched we
are to have wonderful wonderful well I'll turn
it over to you marchelo thank you so much for coming on H thank you very much for the invitation Scot every is a great
pleasure to be here thank you and for me also is an honor to participate because
before I I saw the presentation fantastic presentation it is wonderful
to be here with all of you only Experts of astronomy that make
wonderful presentations I ER last week I was in
Uruguay I had I was invited to participate in an event in ugai about
the tourism and for and my participation was about as tourism I share
my screen and it was a fantastic experience that because I was presenting
my our astronomy group the dark skyer because we I'm the director of the dark
sky engineer is the first and unique until now dark sky shapter in
Brazil and before I show what the event that they participate we
need now to be looking to Corona
bis to Theon because it's near to appear there
the prediction is that probably will appear in September this
year they having many different predictions man this was the before I
IAL part of what I will say now is in an article published by the
sky at night megazine that's and I also I have from
a and here is the in 1945 you have the
Outburst no in Corona B and you can see
here that first we have a PR Outburst PR
deep here that t in May
194 5 and then we have the outburst and 9 February
1945 and something is wrong here is 14
six it's WR is 1946 and the is one happening then for
the experience that you have in the what happened in the past we can make
predictions for the new one here I think that is better you can see here the pr
deep in on on May 194 45 in had here NOA the explosion in
February 1946 then I had another one again in
July then for this experience and what happens what we know that is a binary
system we have a white D and they are red giants then what happens is the material
from the red giant is transfer to the white DWF and then the white DWF with
this material they have a intense nuclear reactions and then the
brightness of the white ER begins to be higher and then you have
this you can see as an no in the sky and these are the
results we we had uh a eruption what
imagine eruption deep on
from March April 2023 and if will happen in the same we
have the same period on what happened in 1946 then the we have the probability
that from May until September we had a
new nor in Sky until now didn't appear then we have the probability that Pro
September we the best moment to see the Z NOA or today or tomorrow we don't know
but have also another prediction that this can only happen next year in
2025 now we need to look to the sky every day take pictures of te coron when
possible and see if you have the we have a good luck and we register the in the
sky I know that many people in the world are doing this and let me see when it will
happen but this is the moment these are the events in Uruguay
is a meeting IO American meeting of Tourism
and one of the topics was AR tourism that is growing FAS
here many people are talking about this here in our Orion in Latin America now
in Brazil because we have the first dark sky par of Latin America is located here
near our seats and we participated in the recognition of this first in in
December 21st to
2021 not here was the presentation with uh
members of span representative of span here and the two representatives of
Uruguay in as tourism and you had the experience to show what we did what we
are doing what you are planning to do in near future here are the te that
participa in the AR tourism moment at these
events and it was fantastic to share experience there and know what he is
been doing here my presentation showing what here a presentation from Fernando that he
direct of the dark sky ug talk about the cont the effects of the light
pollution you me and we also had the opportunity to make the observation of
the sun this is the main Square which very cold there for me is very cold
temperature was 5° at night 3° for me is very cold here in Brazil today in my
city 30° then I travel from 30° to 5 degrees
at night 3 Dees Cel at night this observation man square of this small
seat is a small seat in Uruguay and here was our experience at
night we organizes the as tourism event during the I America
meeting here is Fernando and Carlos from the a group of astronomy in Uruguay in
the dark sky of Uruguay and you have some
telescopes binoculars and this are his place and I had the opportunity to see
it was uh J sky was clear without clouds
and it was possible to make a fantastic there
here here is a short Vision showing this we they turn off the lights this only
for we make it register but they turn off all the lights and possible to make
observations and now we call tourism office STS also not all tourism and the
tourism office STS here and it was great A great experience
for me I have other group it was very cool very let me show this for me and
when I arrived here I participate in other events in our seat this are event
in a school here is a scientific telescope
with Max St and we had more than 300 kids
participa this night I had also the eox
here a lot of kids I have theox and the explor scientific
telescopes and who was helping me was my youngest daughter she now is helping me
in the events as she is here and she was moving the telescope to
the moon when he already knows to do everything he here at the
telescope she's helping me in the events she had she is 0
old 80 years old and she likes to show the she likes
it she really H she's happy to observe the Stars yes she showed the Mage
also here is find I finding the the
moon and here the moon from the eox also
in the tablets you use a tablet to show the amazes it's a fantastic experience a
traditional telescope and the modern system together yes this was fantastic
and everybody was in the line to see in the
old telescope in the old system they they love to to look at thep there I saw
the in the event because we we show the moon in the tablet but most of the
people I think all the people was in the line all the KE teachers everybody that was there or or
stay in the line all the time to have the opportunity to look at the
telescope here is our uh
Observatory here with the telescope from the our Sky
Network we organize two events there and August 30 we have another event now we
have two events per month in at this place right is a as tourism
event that shows the observatory and you have we have
walk in the forest inside the forest we go and to see this guy
there here had a we talk about astronomy about our experience and from
there we go with all the people that are there to look to the sky in a dark place
because you don't have artificial lights there here's a short video showing the
experience going to the forest is a forest near the ocean then the trees are
not high trees a very short trees is a different kind of forest I don't know
how you call in English but but here we call his here in Brazil that is the
forest that is located near thean you have his small
trees here is your Observatory it is second
events they are looking to the sky there and here everybody show image of the
Moon I also showing this was the Mage I took yesterday here in the super moon
events that out press here in Brazil was talking about this I was using the eox
to take the yeah the event in my University
yesterday and now I I show some information about the
eclipse I I know that CES will talk about the eclipse but here happen
October 2nd and you see here that Chile and the
Argentina will be the best place to see the eclipse the south region of Argentina
and I was looking the because Argentina it will be 54 I think the the moment of
the you will be an eclipse of the Sun and I was concerned because of the
sunset but I saw that I now have the information I know that the sunset will
be after 7 then we have time because last time was near the sunet and I need
to go 1,000 meters high to see the eclipse because the undes my mountains
wow yes it will be this year I think that it will be a colder time
um because this winter is maybe longer than another another
ones um but you have a yes a long day in the Patagonia that is very interesting
we are going to do summer we have going to the summering spring spring from
Spring to Summer then yes yes October two we are
going uh and it's a is a a big trip from woses
driving but they we like the adventure to go to to the Patagonia and this Chey
also because the the Flies are very expensive yes like I'm try to go away my
family but it's very yeah yes it's for us too because they fly to rioo from
buenos cus is really is like in Brazil you have a domestic flights of three
hours or United States three or four hours but are domestic flights people
talking with people from Europe is you are you are crazy
CH countri and here are the
totality yeah here Puerto San julan is where yes is where we are we are going
to be you are going to here you need to to travel
probably 50 kilomet to go to Total yes but the but the road if you take the the
the three National Road it's a single road but is er is um is in good
conditions the inner roads like a 40 Road from calafat going to the north are
more sometimes uh more maybe
not a f we call it here let me ask something because you
I saw here a city called pero but also have a glacia here that's
called but is there are two differ yes it's different I visited last time the
GL here that's fantastic blue blue blue ice like
some unev but the
same Moro yes it's different the place perito
Moreno the the the town H perito Moro
the glacier yes it's it's too different yes um
and it is more near to the calafat the Moreno Glacier yes Santa
Cruz River yes where say commandante Lis peda is
where I make my I I made my I had my
military service in my young it's very near here yes yes yes small towns in
Santa Cruz ofor Gregor is a is in the middle of of of of like a desert it's
very interesting it's so different the Patagonia for us too that is so windy so
open you know but you know the Patagonia too I saw I love I love I prefer
sometimes the the I think in Florianopolis
or we love we love going Rio de Jano my
daughter was in Rio Jano this last vacations and she loved she she said I
need to go to live in Rio yes for us it's amazing because our
VES are cold WEA cold weather or cold
cold uh Waters and you know yes you feel very very cold in water well Brazil is
amazing for us when we visit the the beaches the
are fantastic um we can be welcome when when you come to Brazil let me know you'll be
welcome yeah yes with the same road that with the same kind of kilometers that I
go to the Patagonia beach in Puerto Puerto madin I can go sometimes to
Florianopolis driving from when is it's two days and one and half day uh
we go to to the typically the talking with Scott too that argentinians can go
to driving to hopis and another city maybe do you
remember much better than [Music]
meis yes Karina Santa Katarina yes yes very
near to to to Argentina totally yes quite this was my presentation thank you
very much for invitation thank you very much I hope I have the opportunity to visit again AR oober yes I told I I told
with the people from the hotel bya hotel if they have some places and I advise you if ER anything
that that any news about about this Maro oh thank you thank you very much I
contct you no problem thank you very much is a great pleasure to be here thank you very much ah you're
welcome okay okay um how about the how
about our audience they can maybe they can go too yeah yes it would be fantastic to
have because the eclip is some f that I think that every everybody needs
to see for all of you who have not seen Southern hemosphere
life are you coming to see are you coming s i I hope to be back down again
you know once you get a taste of the Southern Hemisphere Stars you always
want to go back because it's so beautiful it is the ultimate so yeah
yeah it's fun thank you thank you very much okay so um
now we are going to go all the way to uh South Asia to Pakistan uh where we will
meet with uh yumna mahed she's a pioneer of uh space education in P
Pakistan um the reason of her drive is that as a
school girl she was told that there's no place for her in space so she decided to
create her own so uh yumna uh I'm going to bring you on
now hello everyone hi again um I hope you all are doing well I just want to
ask Scott uh can I share my screen yes you can let me bring you on
first here we go yeah I need to my
slid thank you very much for coming on to Global star party uh I know it's very early there um it's yeah we're separated
between uh between Arkansas and where y lives is about 10 hours of time uh on
the clock so um but thanks very much and um we look forward to this presentation
I still can't see the um the option of sharing my screen you don't see the
option let me see I know Robert Reeves didn't see it
at first but I know it's at the bottom participants chat and then the green
share screen button so if you're not seeing that I don't know what's going
widen your uh your Zoom
application it's um it's like
restricted request the host to record settings stop the video and return
to try it again okay can I like
refresh refresh and if we lose you come right back on okay
okay and Rob was saying try all test I think y's gonna refresh I guess there's
a key um you can use alt s to share screen
if you don't see the share screen option
um that's actually a great um suggestion Rob but we'll see if youa okay yaa is
back and I'm GNA go on mute and let's see
because you've shared your screen before you so it should work yes and I don't know why I still
don't have it but Scott I just sent you my slides on email if you can do that directly
yeah there's
all y know try alt s alt s I'm actually trying to
fault found a ALT key on my
Mac and okay control and
S no it's just downloading the
page okay no not working
that is so strange and I need permission to access
your PowerPoint uh can you see my
PowerPoint oh no I I need to get access from you it says request access or switch to
an account that's strange I did gave you the access light strange I'm so sorry guys
that's okay you gave us your story struggle is nothing new for you to overcome you have you have had to fight
worse that's true than just a computer issue this is the this is the least this is yeah you you will figure it out you
you have had to have the patience just to do astronomy in your country and now
the computer will not hold you back for long we'll find a way um yeah I think
sending the presentation to Scott is one way to do it or telling us you
know until the till we can see the share screen sign you know did I think the
anything you tell is you're going to listen have you requested uh Scott have you sent any
request here let me do it hello
yeah I'm here can you uh like have so I sent I
sent you a request okay okay now I see
it this is such a basic thing and it works like in milliseconds and today
when I really need it it's not like it's loading and loading
no I was doing my presentation and couldn't see directly in front of me so
it's okay um I was trying to describe phenomena for Aurora and it was right in
front of me and I couldn't read it um and then I found it and now I can't I
was gonna say what it Steve and SAR meant while we were waiting for your
presentation to fire up and now I can't find it again so strange it's just the email
it's it's loading to yeah just give him the access that's
so strange yeah well we have a wonderful audience so they'll bear with us I
think oh my God itself it's taking all the time that I have to speak
that is so wrong May here let me try this one more time
okay this will be a different email address okay so I'm sending the request
right now let's see if this
works now you just got back from Cape
Town Cape Town yep Africa
yes just a few days ago well so you travel all over the world doing this
stuff yes and believe me this this time was Hoops it was the experience in Cape
Town was really good uh but the start was uh unfortunately quite ugly and
um yeah I'm I'm just I had the shortest
press presentation ever and um maybe you can see this file Scott I just
compressed the whole thing to make it easy because I don't know for some
reason it's um okay it's Lo why don't you just yeah compress it email it
okay so yeah for for those that listened to me stumbled when I did my
presentation Steve is strong thermal emission velocity enhancement and I'm
pretty sure that's not what I imaged I imaged SAR which
um let's see I think it's a uh strong auroral
Arc I hope the slides work now but I will just start without the slides
stable so yes I'm really sorry everyone oh weing these things these things happen
it we just yeah you're solving the problem by sending the presentation to
Scott and we will it will get underway soon I'm sure I'm sure we'll get working
and I'm sure when you test after this is over it's going to work perfectly because that's what computers do I I've
worked on computers all my life I know how that goes um so it's just three days ago I
came back from Cape Town it was um so I went to Cape Town for international
astronomical Union general assembly uh it's a conference that happens after
every two to three years and I was also invited to speak at different schools in
Cape Town as a part of their National Science week so I I left Pakistan at um
5ifth of August and after my layover in Abu Dhabi I was supposed to be in cap
down on 6th of um August but
unfortunately I missed my flight and I ended up saying two more days in cap
down which was really difficult one oh that's the old
one it Scott Scott that's the old one oh
okay yeah I just like sent you the new one but it's okay you can show this as
well it's it's completely can I show that one as well yeah well this is all of your
accomplishments and those that Miss you at the last Global Star Party can now get acquainted with just what you
accomplished yeah look at this look at all these awards and achievements it is
amazing um but after getting my flight to Cape Town we went and um when I
reached there the experience shifted and it turned to be something really good I
was invited by living Maps if some of you know Steve Sherman uh from the
Faceook Community I was invited by him to speak at different schools um so unfortunately I missed the first four
days of GA um but my first day at the ga was really fulfilling because I get to
attend a keynote speech from Astronaut physician Dr May Jamon and I could
relate to her so much because the values she carried during her journey and the
interests were quite similar and the top most important one were becoming an
astronaut and the love for dinosaurs so that's what I found common among us um
then I get to experience the colorful beautiful culture of Africa which was
amazing I I never thought that tape down would be so beautiful and so
colorful uh and uh one day we went to a actually a robotics Club it was an after
school robotics Club the weather was not in our favor uh but we had a small group
of kids and I shared my life Journey with them what are the uh lessons so far
that I have from almost over a decade of space education and uh the most biggest
highlight of my toed Cape Town was I met
Professor Brian Smith uh the astrophysicist and the Nobel Prize
winner Vice Chancellor of Australian National University I was not intend to but I
unintentionally memorized his entire keynote because every single word he
said in his keynote was extremely relatable he was not there to tell us
that what he has done what he has accomplished and how many awards he has
uh won but he was there to tell us that what I have done how I did it and what I
did wrong and what we shouldn't do so he was extremely down to earth to share the
real uh you know you can say the negative aspects of his doings and
telling us it was iing us that this is not a wise decision and maybe have a
plan the biggest advice he gave was if you want to have an impact carrier in
astronomy Outreach we understand that it's a great feel but don't do it blindly do it
planned because when we are doing something with sheer passion most of us
do it like just blindly we just listen to over heart and we just go straight
and just like me in the end we end up in some sort of problems most importantly
the sustainability part uh so yeah he told us that if you want to do it do it it would be great but at least you know
do it planned um I also get to meet a lot of um faces that I knew from social
media um and they were good friends but I never get to meet them in person so it
was my first IU um GA experience um and then comes the few
really cool Parts um I did not notice that I am actually going to the southern
hemisphere um when when I was planning and when I was boarding uh but when I
landed in Johannesburg and I experienced the extreme cold I realized that oh we
are in the southern hemisphere now so I requested a few friends who took me to
see the night sky uh I just wanted to you know just checklist that I have been
to the South Hemisphere and I have enjoyed the night sky over there it was extremely cold very windy and a little
dangerous rude uh but the view was really beautiful um I my two of the
posters and one oral presentation were accepted at the
iuga um due to missing the flight I could not present my posters uh but I
did my oral presentation which was about culturally relevant role models for
girls in South Asian countries um I would love to present that in the next
uh Global star party and um yeah again we went to some
more schools um sorry oh we got the
slides yes yeah we went to some more schools um this one was FL floresent
School in Cape Town it was a little in the outskirt of the Cape Town a public
school uh kids were amazing they were very shy to ask questions initially uh
but once they started they had so many questions so it it was a great
experience short time like 40 minutes but I I really enjoyed uh the session
with them and I requested them since they had so many questions I requested their teacher that they can um they can
write all their questions each student on a small piece of paper and uh submit it to their teacher and the teacher will
send me the photo soon I will be writing letters to all these kids sitting behind
me and I'm going to mail those to to cap down so that they can have their answer
you know on a small card on a piece of paper which would be a space svor for
them maybe I will pring something maybe but I just want to give them something
that they can remember um for a longer period of time and um the next part
where yeah the next few photos are again from kids who were asking me different
questions and I I was just so happy uh the questions they were asking were the
first question that I asked was like what it is like in Pakistan and I was
it's it's 46° cius in Pakistan and I just went back to another
temperature and um yeah there were so many questions that I'm looking forward to the submission by the teacher and um
another fun part is in the next slide I never I'm somebody who's very afraid of
animals and I love dinosaur and the biggest reason is they don't exist um but for some reason I was so
attracted to penguins and I was really glad I I was very excited that I want to
see the Penguins and we went seeing Penguins we went see to to see the
beauty of Cape Town um we had a weekend during the iug where we were just given our time
there was nothing on schedule by the conference it was just two days for all the attendees to explore South Africa to
explore the beauty of Cape Town and I I really had wonderful
experience uh I I think that's uh that was my first tour where I did something
other than the conference as well because most of the time when I go to conferences it's like one week and it's
entirely the conference I don't get time to explore the culture or the city as
well but this one um I I I really enjoyed it it was a great Expo year and
and I realized that one should actually do explore the city as
well when when I travel and uh yeah that's pretty much it one thing that um
Cape Town was amazing uh in all means the food was good I could find a lot of
Muslims a lot of halal food options but one thing that I just want to say is
that whoever goes to cap down just be a little careful because everybody tells
you that it's not safe in the dark um that is that is right so you better come
back to your place before it's too dark the rest it's it's a beautiful amazing
place and in the last Slide the patch that I have in my hand it's my official
mission patch uh designed by a Pakistani Air Force pilot and now this particular
batch is with the Professor Brian schmidth I gave him the
batch as a subor the that particular batch had traveled with me to almost
four different countries and I just handed it over to Professor Brian Smith because I was so inspired by his journey
yeah thank you that's it okay wow thank you thank you yna so
uh when is your next um your next adventure you you mention your my next
space adventure is in October but I am not sure about it um because Italian
Visa um I I got emerging space leader Awards by iaf that is international
astronomical astronautical Federation um so this year the conference is happening in Milan um it's
a fully funded scholarship for me it's a very big deal I got it after volunteering with them for almost a
decade uh but unfortunately I'm not getting um Visa the situation right now
for the Visa appointments is crazy and um agents are asking like for
$250 instead of $100 uh fee of Visa appointment so they
are just asking 250 for their share and then the 100 um $100 Fe that visa fee is
something that is totally separate so due to the chaotic situation at the EMB it's
$350 yes that is a lot in my currency so
so it's just it's chaotic and um yes there are a few other pakistanis coming
to the conference but um they are coming for from other countries they have uh
either their student visas or dual nationalities so they are getting their
visas done or a few are actually spending
$300 and it's it's crazy they are man they they are able to get the
appointment I'm not even able to get an appointment unfortunately because that that's a lot for me it's crazy but I'm I
was looking forward to Italy but until yesterday that I got to know that this is it and uh my emails to Embassy or
using all my network is not getting me the appointment so I
just sort of gave up unfortunately yeah don't don't give up don't give up you
know keep trying so something something may happen so oh okay well thank you
thank you yumna and we look forward to having you on the next Global Star Party take care and thanks for getting up so
early to be with us right I forget that time is so different I wouldn't have
been able to make it Scott I I'm sleeping in I'm sorry can't do it thank
you okay so um we are um we are moving on to
our next uh speaker this is um let me bring on
here we are Rob gross uh Rob uh you are
down you're you're a professor down in Texas is that right instructor in
Florida Florida I don't know hey I'm from Texas okay so close enough down
south anyhow that close enough so but you're an astrophotographer and um uh
yeah and you use astrophotography in your instruction to the class is that
correct um sort of I mean I teach physics and I show them my photos it
gets them sort of interested okay that kind of thing okay well let's let's uh
I'll let you have the let me share my screen sure should
work um y yep we can see it that is strange
yeah we have some people that are able to share share and some people can share
okay so um yeah so I'm just G to basically um describe sort of my journey
so far through astrophotography and I do astrophotography in a high bort Zone
with fairly cheap equipment too um so that's the thing that a lot of people
think they can't do decent astrop Photography in high bordal zones and most people think they can't do uh
decent astrop photography without a u expensive setup but uh my setup is
fairly cheap it's about $2,000 more or less for everything um so I'll just tell
you how I started and where I am now all right so first all a little bit about me I'm a as already stated I'm a University
Physics instructor at flid flan University which you probably never heard of actually you might have heard
of if you follow basketball they made the final four uh two years ago
um but anyhow so I started astrophotography during covid I needed
another hobby I have a few Hobbies but I need another one uh to keep busy uh so I
began with just the DSR um camera a Nikon D50 uh d750 sorry and a sigma zoom
lens um originally started on just a tripod uh eventually moved to the exos
100 Mount after a couple months um but you know using a DSLR to
zoom lines is pretty hard uh to do without anything else I didn't have any other um Hardware I wasn't using any
computers it was just uh basically a camera with a with a lens on it on a mount and everything about it was sort
of a pain so over the years I sort of upgraded into my current setup which
I'll describe in the next slide uh probably about a year and a half ago so
um that's when I think I really started getting uh astrophotography I mean when I used the DSR in Zoom LS obviously I
was doing some astrophotography and I was processing things but I really started to Advanced quite a bit once I
got uh my final setup which I have now about a year and a half ago so you know
I've been doing it more or less for four years I took about a year off so it's probably about three years a little less
than three years I've really been like I said uh serious about it for maybe a year and a half so I'm not really an
expert on it I'm sort of an intermediate I don't think I'm quite a beginner um
but I'm definitely not an expert so some of the things you know that I talk about maybe someone else has a different way
of doing things uh but I'll just describe what I do so let me just show you let me just
skip a slide here so this is where I actually I'm in a condo by the way so that's why I needed a fairly portable
setup the I 100 Mount yeah oh yeah this is your this
is your Bright Lights here yeah it's it's even worse than that um so I I need a portable setup to get
up and down the stairs you can kind of see the stairs on the side over here um yeah so I can't use a big portable I
mean so they came up with strain wave mounts a couple years ago um but I started you know doing this stuff before
the strain W mounts so I used the you know the ISS 100 and and um yeah and I
image you know in this Courtyard and there's actually this bright see you can see it right here I
don't know if you can see my mouse that well but there's a bright yes flood light right there which is like right in
the way you can see the shadow so um it's not a particularly easy place to image from but it's basically the only
place I can image uh that's close to my condom all right so let me go back so I
run everything off a power bank um because I can't run a power cord you
know down this is from basically my balcony more or less but you know I
can't run a power cord down there so everything has to run off a power bank uh as mentioned I use ANS 100 Mount
uh without the a adjuster by the way because it came out when I bought it there was no a adjuster but now there is
uh but I got used to basically nudging it back and forth to get the polar alignment pretty much um I use at6 6ed
telescope which is a 60mm refractor um I think it's a doublet it's an APO but it's not even a triplet um so
with the point8 uh reducer flattener it's 288 Mill millimeters of focal length so
it's not a long scope by any stretch but then again I can't really do a long scope with the setup I have um and I use
a player one Saturn which is a 533 sensor which is actually passively cool it's another thing I'm in Southern
Florida and I don't use an actively cooled camera so it gets I mean the
sensor temp especially in the uh summer is you know 32 33 degrees Celsius it's
not it's not that cool and uh and Leah triband filter for basically everything
even Broadband you know I shouldn't really be using it on broadband but I have so much light pollution that actually helps a bit on broadband uh and
a cheap mini PC to run the whole thing so you know with the Mini PC I can pull
line I can plate solve it makes things much easier um and again it's in bortle
89 South Florida in a c with bright light so what I do is I use a blackout
curtain to block that brightest flood light as you can see kind of here it's
not the best picture but there's a curtain here it's a blackout curtain like the blackout
curtains you can get uh you know for your home I just put it up on u a tripod
basically two different tripods I hang it from so that blocks out at least that
bright light and then I kind of you know try to shoot away from that light when I can so basically south and east is when
I try to try to image because over here um towards the light is basically West
and then towards this wall here is North so I can shoot basically South which is
the opposite Direction in East which is over here um and it works out pretty well and I use um Nina as my
acquisition uh program I actually don't guide I have a guide scope in fact you
can maybe see it it's really hard to see there's no contrast here but there's a guide scope here I tried guiding when I
first got my Mini PC but it was weird there were weird things going on so I
just abandon it for a bit I'll eventually get back to it so I don't guide so I shoot fairly short pictures
Subs about 30 seconds sometimes 15 seconds for um particularly bright
objects but usually 30 seconds almost all the time it's 30 seconds if you're getting sharp photos and it
[Music] works get but
absolutely um and all my picks are fully calibrated with bias star and flat so I have to take the darks every night the
good thing about South Florida you know it's it's it's hot but I'm close to the ocean I'm about a mile away and that
regulates the temperature at night it really doesn't change that much so that helps me when I take darks uh because if
the temperature changed a lot that would be a problem with darks but they don't so the darks work pretty
well all right so I went through that you probably good pretty good
seeing conditions too yeah I have good seeing most of the time which is good
yeah um so I use uh suril uh so the other thing that I do is I don't use
fairly expensive uh or expensive software either I mean a lot of people use pix
Insight but I try to see what I can do without spending a whole lot of money on software so I use cill which is free you
know I don't know what the audience is here but sir's free um I use a script that I modified a
bit it's pretty easy to do um when I do multiple nights I sack
every night just to see what I have but then I um if I have multiple nights of calibrated pictures I just basically
stick them all into a sort of Master folder and then I stack the picks the calibrated picks over multiple nights
together uh manually sort of in serl but that's pretty easy to do and then uh
once they're sacked to process I use G expert which is free uh for both background extraction and
also Den noising so they have a they upgrade a gr expert um I don't know
a few months ago uh to include AI background extraction which is basically
where you put the background uh sample points is done by Ai and it works pretty
well um sometimes it doesn't work that well so I do sort of the manual way of doing it the but the really nice thing
is about a couple months ago they introduced Aid noising um which actually works really
well it works as well as some commercial uh programs you can buy and it's
free so basically I apply some denoising in the linear image and then I move
everything back into so once I background extract um remove some of the noise and you're expert I move it back
into cill and that's where I do color gation I remove green noise I do
deconvolution I separate the stars with starnet which is also free so so far
everything I've done you know all the software I use is free so far from what I said oops something just happened okay
so um yeah once I use starnet and then I start stretching in sill so they Cel
really got better about a year ago they introduced General hyperbolic stretching and uh they always had arine but they
introduced G ghs stretching in the same module as arine stretching so the G the
ghs is really I think pretty powerful for um processing both the star image in the
star mask uh so what I do you know everyone does things a little bit
differently what I do is I use uh tiny uh stretches in ghs I
basically just stretch a little bit at a time and you basically um there's a highlight protection slider that um
limits how much you blow out bright are so with that you can really do sort of a high dynamic range uh photo with just
you know one set of Subs you don't need to do I think you don't need to do different sublines to get a fairly good
good technique yeah so it's really good uh so yeah so basically I use ghs
to stretch the starless and this the star mask and I sometimes use Astros sharp which is another free program to
do a little bit more deconvolution I don't always do it though sometimes I do it depends on the
picture and then the only thing I really pay for is Affinity uh photo which is sort of an alternative to
um Photoshop but without the sub subscription fee right it's just the onetime purchase um so there's some uh
free macros in there that James Ritson made I think he's a he works with siif
which makes Affinity just for Astro photography and they're amazing they actually do a
really good job at tweaking the final picture I also have a some more
sometimes paid apps so I sometimes use no noise exterminator which integrates into Affinity astat PL and topaz D noise
these are all basically things to kill noise in various stages and I also use
Nick effect plugins which are free too so most of the stuff is free I do pay for some of this stuff but it's a lot
cheaper than um pix insight and using the full Suite of the Exterminator apps
which can be pretty pricey yeah so I do I do use topazd noise which is a little bit
controversial in the world of astrophotography because they a lot of people think that the AI algorithm
introduces sort of um you know sort of hallucinates and introduce artifacts but I find if you're very
careful with it you don't overdo it it's I think it works pretty well and it CLE up I would agree with you I use topaz
Doo for the Milky Way stuff that I do and some of the images I showed and I
think part of it your how your data comes in and then if you actually tweak
it don't just let it pick the settings lately lately it's been picking better settings for the type of Imaging I do
where I don't have all these little bitty lines and over overdone sharpening
in there so it's I think they're getting a little bit better when it comes to the Astro stuff yeah definitely and you
gotta do everything manually I don't do anything I don't I don't have to do
anything automatically for me yeah getting to that point myself
yeah um so I'll show you some pictures after this slide that I've done but
um yeah so you know I'm still learning um you know I've only really been doing
it for a couple years um yeah I'm definitely going to get guiding going probably in the fall it's too hot now to
spend like an hour outside uh just trying to fiddle with guiding but when it gets cooler I'll probably get that
going so I can get a little bit sharper pictures um and when I get guiding going
I could probably do a slightly longer subl length because I really should be doing a little bit longer to increase my
signal noise ratio in the end and you know down the road I'll probably get a mono setup at some point but that's
probably a few years away so any some of the most recent images
that's uh very nice it was 540 minutes of integration
time that was actually from last summer that's the California neeva 260 minutes
lagon and trifa that's from actually this summer and last summer integrated data it's here to minutes it's a horse
in flame three 300 minutes five hours Crab Nebula is a little bit tough with my
setup um rosette yeah rosette nice
dumbbell I see you're getting some of that uh yeah the wings that everyone's been trying to do now for the dumbbell
and you're getting them too it's T though I need more hours on the thing
Crescent yeah I have more but oh that's the sculptor I did this summer and you've got do you know this uh cluster
you've got on the other side yeah I forgot the name of that I forgot it
Marian chain I forgot m55 that's easy because it's star because it's a star
cluster but yeah that's pretty much it yeah still have to have round stars and
still has to be sharp you you know so yeah um yeah excellent excellent work
now no go ahead Scott go you did touch on that you sometimes use your
astrophotography in your classroom um do you use it to uh
demonstrate scale U you know distance no it's kind of like I mean every once in a
while yeah I do I mean so I use m33 at
one point to demonstrate you know dark matter but most of the time it's
um it's just because they measure the you know the velocity curvs of m33 at one point
um but it's it's basically just for fun I give them breaks during class because
the classes are two hours long and sometimes do you want to see some pictures that I took and like all right
you know they look I see and uh but they but they really like pretty much blow them away so
that's great well they no one really knows how it works they think I have a gigantic scope they think I'm going out
middle of Everglade somewhere you know there's no light pollution yes it's a million dollar no it couldn't be you
remind me of a good friend of mine that has sometimes been on Star Party Jason gyzelle has a fairly small setup and
does similar amazing work and your work what I loved about your presentation
there is the process you came up with work works you were able to save money
you got a setup and you stick to your process and you you get very very
accurate um accurate results and you understand why you're doing each of your
steps it's not like you're following some sort of a script um you know and you're getting
all of that detail because of that and it it looks really good good you say you've been doing it for a couple of
years but I think with the mind you've got it probably didn't take you long to
grasp why you did either all the steps what you were doing to the image and
what that was you know and how I mean some experimentation I'm sure yeah I
mean it's not particularly easy I Ed photography before I took you know I started astrophotography but it's a
completely different thing terrestrial photography us to do dark room work is that correct what was that you did Dark
Room work with film and yeah I mean back in the day yeah yeah I did a little bit
of dark um sure but yeah it's fun you know
so um yeah I mean we might try to do something at because I you know I teach
at the school we might try to do some sort of thing with the students like uh
sure to get something well anytime I think students can get hands on uh with anything you
know it's it adds a whole new dimension to the learning process yeah so yeah the
nice thing about your process is I saw you hit all some you hit the Heavy Hitters um HSE head and you know a lot
of the uh a lot of the brighter targets but if you dare go after some you know
more obscure targets your process will get you there without any you know you
when you see your data you should you'll see something there and go oh is that what that is um you're primed to do all
sorts of different types of data that you know it may be off of the beaten path and that's when you know
that's when the things go you know things get even cooler because it's like yeah I've IM I've imaged the rosette and
it's beautiful but now that there's something obscure and faint over on the shoulder of Ayan let me image that and
see what that looks like and see what I can do with it you're yeah that's what you'll end up going
yeah the uh my light pollution though is pretty pretty rough n yeah I mean if I had a mon
that's a lot of light pollution it's a lot of light back in the film days that would have been impossible to shoot in
for sure yeah I I think you're gonna get there and um you like I said you you you already understand your process very
well um I had someone tell me at the astronomical League conference when I
told him I started my Milky Way stuff and I'm getting up the five minutes of
it's wide field but I'm getting round I'm getting sharp stars in a five minute
exposure of the region and you know seeing a lot more stuff there than you know you get so and they and they
confirmed yeah you're getting more signal to Noise by being able to image for that long at the Lesser areas you
know you'll you'll start seeing some more tendrils and yeah you b lobules i
you know heck I kind of look forward to it cool getting there but uh yeah no
loved uh loved what I saw there and I'm by no means an expert either I can't
remember what SAR stands for right but you know we we both love you know we
love the night sky and we love this Hobby and you made a way you know I I go
to dark sites and fight polar alignment all the time because that was my
solution two hours and dark sky with binoculars and then I set up your
solution works just as well and you create beautiful images so I'm yeah you know there there's never just one way to
right get a cat with this hobby thanks yeah love it nice thanks
well Rob thank you thank you very much for coming on I know it's late so especially in Florida so yeah um and we
hope to have you back on with and see some more of your work so yeah sure no problem thank you thank you yeah
thanks okay all right um we have one
last presentation uh and this presentation is being given by um a
gentleman who is an astrophysicist and a science Communicator in Nigeria and he does um
uh his work uh by uniting students with citizen science across several uh
countries within Africa um his um his
program is called the panafrican citizen science EAB uh and his name is Miracle Marcel
and uh he pre-recorded a presentation for us um uh
simply because the internet was just a bit too slow to do a live presentation
so miracle if you're watching this thank you for participating and we hope to hear more uh from you as as uh as your
program progresses so here we go hello my name is Mir chibu marel I am
the founder and the director of the larest citizen science community in
Africa called The panafrican Citizen science EAB so in
this in this program I'm going to be talking about our
project um and our achievement over the past three
years so in table of content I will be introducing pasab our key project and
our results so pasab was founded in December
4th 2020 and our aim is to promote handson activities in astronomy and
space science through citizen science and soft astronom research in Africa as a means of advancing space exploration
and enhancing space education and Outreach so and how we do that is by collaborating with entities in the
global North and bringing those opportunities to Africa and all our activities are online
all our activities are based online so here is your official logo showing the
map of Africa here you can see individuals with their computers or bones are analyzing and reducing space
data and that is exactly what we do we also have a WhatsApp group where we
interact uh within our community so for the general requirement
all Parc project are suitable for all individuals regardless of Age religion
country sexual orientation academic or professional affiliations levels Etc so
to participate in our project what you just need is to H have a basic knowledge of computers most especially uh Windows
operating system internet and passion for space now in our organization we have uh
we have different kinds of project classified as primary project and secondary project the primary project
are our main project and I'm going to be describing them one after the
other so the first of for our primary project is the panafrican astroid resarch campaign and we collaborate with
the international astronomic resarch collaboration we are their biggest partner in
Africa and in this project we contribute in in in planetary defense through
discovering new asteroids we submit the report to the minor planet center so
that the orbit of this asteroids can be classified and continuous monitoring can
be done in order to avoid events like this we use the astrometric software to
analyze the images here you can see there are about four Images taking at
different time intervals here is the blinking windows that blinks images in order for you to
see if an object is moving or not that is how we detect asteroids
the data we use are gotten from the pen stars located at the University of
Hawaii and the Catalina Sky of located at the University of of AR Arizona now
in this chart there are uh there are more surveys around the world observing
the sky scanning the sky and taking data asteroid data but these two are the the
are the most they collect the most asteroid data and now they have
automated system in them that detect this asteroid but not all of these uh
not not all of these asteroid are detected so they send the
data uh those data uh to the international Asic resarch collaboration
so that we can use uh the manow to discover this asteroids so are part of
them the panafrican asteroid search can campaign and here we engage different entities across Africa in the asteroid
search campaign so here is just one of our groups the amateur uh amateur
astronomy Libya so this is where the teams we download the data analyze the
data submit it through here so this is just the
demonstration so for the tools to to participate in the asteroid search um
our participants would need Windows operating system internet and astrometric astrometric is a free
software now in training we have recorded videos in English uh French and
Arabic and here it just an example of one of the one of my recordings in English we also have Arabic and French
we have some of our our members volunteer and develop those videos in
other languages too we also conduct online training via
Zoom so far we have discovered 32 asteroids and those those asteroid were
discovered by about 60 of our citizen scientists however however we still have
about we still have hundreds of preliminary discoveries that are yet to be confirmed so here is the the academic
calendar for the for the new Academic Year which started this August it runs
every month till May that is how we conduct it every
year so here it say the second our second project exoplanet andry and we
collaborate with NASA exoplanet watch So In This research we contribute
data we contribute data in order to refine the mid Transit period of already
discovered exoplanet in order for the future missions like the James W Space
Telescope to study them again and you know in details in order to to to detect
if there is life or no life in them but the reason why we are doing this is because um when these exoplanets were
discovered by the Kepler and the test missions their periods were not accurate so are actually redefining the me
transit time in order to improve their period so we we ruce we reduce the data
with exotic software to produce this light curve and after that we submit the
report to the American Association of variable star observers to participate in this project
we have three sources of data through the exoplanet watch website you can request
data directly from NASA they would give you a data if you submit your email
there we also have access to the micro Observatory there you can schedule your
own missions or can can observe Stars okay using the micro
Observatory so this is the process of scheduling and after
requesting it the micro Observatory is going to turn around to focus on that
spot we also use the L comers Observatory for observation we are part
of the global Sky partners of the L com L com Observatory we have about 100
hours of observation time for our research and other endeavors also so the
tools for This research any operating system internet Gmail Gmail not email
because this exotic program is a Python program and it is mounted on Google
collab so to be able to have access to it you need a Gmail and all the software
is online for the training methodology we have recorded videos I will also
offer online training via zoom and here's an example of the recorded video so in this project our aim is to
make our citizen scientist to to contribute to peer reviewed publication
in order to enhance the academic and profession status but being citizen scientist they
do not have advanced level of of astronomy in order in order to carry out
professional astronomy research so we sought for some research they can do
without advanced knowledge of astronomy and one of them is on double star research we collaborate with Dr Richard
freed the president of the institute for student astronomical research in the United States and in this research what
we do is to um to update the position angle and the
separation of of these double Stars we also conduct uh verify if there are
binary stars or Optical double Stars so the student write papers they write manuscripts on their findings and submit
to the journ of double star observation so far we have read since this year 2024
we started this year we have written up to 12 manuscripts but four have been
published so in the training methodology we have recorded video like this and
online interaction with the research instructor for the tools you can use any
operating system you would need internet we need as IM and other
programs then we have radio contact to ISS with amateur radio on internation
space station this opportunity is going to allow our
African African citizen scientists to interact with astronaut about International Space Station in order to
ask them questions this is a project that is usually a seen in advanced
countries however entities in South Africa and Morocco also conduct this
exercise but we are the first organization that is going to bring it
in the African society and we hope to make it permanent so here is uh an
ai ai generated image of how the event is going to be the students are going to
interact with astronaut via zoom and we are getting prepared to conduct this starting from
2025 so in the Astro photo visual development we teach our citizens
scientist how to process space images to produce colorful
visuals so we teach them how to process images from the Hubble Space Telescope
the James the James W Space Telescope and the last coms
Observatory so for the Training Method methodology we have recorded videos we have online training via Zoom we have
Photoshop training and we have so in our telescope giveaway
program we collaborate with NP grate and aers in distributing telescope across
Africa and the purpose of doing this is because we are working with uh whole lot
of teachers across Africa and some of them they need this telescope for their
teachers training program so we collaborate with this organization to
distribute telescopes to them another another purpose of this telescope giveaway is that there are
some countries in Africa we find it so difficult to recruit citizen scientists so it means that the astronomy knowledge
in those places are very low so when we find somebody from that from that place
we give that person telescope for astronomy Outreach in order to spread astronomy and Al to recruit citizen
scientist life observation life observation via web uh
via SL web telescope so we use the Sloop telescope
for like observation here is the Dome we use it to observe the
moon the sun live okay live observation
not through email life observation we can also use it to observe deep space
images and most importantly we use it to observe eclipses like this are this is
the pictures uh these are the pictures from the eclipse that happen in North America uh in April of this year we we
observing it right from Africa while it is happening in America EXC so here is
the map of the world showing the different places in the world where the slow telescope is located so they have
location in Chile they have location in Canary Ireland and they also have location in Australia they also have
more by telescope they move around the world for Eclipse observations so you know in order to
evaluate our result we issued surveys to our group leaders in order to know how
they are adopting our project in their classroom so from the survey we we we
got that 691 citizen scientists have been have been engaged across 45 45
countries in Africa mind you there are about 54 countries in Africa so 45 out
of 54 um countries have been engaged now we
have about 70 groups we work in groups we don't work individual we work with groups now out of those 70 groups we we
classify them according to levels for instance a is equals to 15 a represent
um National Space agencies National astronomic societies National observatories and other National
entities B is equals to 25 representing University groups and C is equals to 30
representing private astronomy organiz ations and also including secondary
schools so here is the gender identities most of the people that feel the surveys
identified as male and female levels of Education we have secondary schools we
have Bachelors we have Master we have phds so from here you can see that
Bachelors have the most participation and for this PhD the phds
are mostly University researchers and lecturers adopting our project in the classroom
and engaging these students so our pasc project the four active ones
from the survey we discovered that the AST search is the most pronounced
although uh others recently Incorporated them however the asteroid search has
been with us since the past three years so here is the year of participation of
Citizen scientist with we started this program in 2020 and the number we keep
in recruiting um people number have been increasing every year every year by year
and we are in 2024 so there are five geographical
zones in Africa so here are the population of Citizen scientists from
each of these geographical zones so here is the map of Africa showing uh the
countries where we have expanded our Network the countries in blue are the
countries have expanded our Network we are looking for participant from Mali from morania and kver and other
countries so our project has been contributing to six out
of the 17 um sdg goals sustained development
goals which are quality education gender equality decent work and and economic
growth gender inequality uh reduce inequality uh peace Justice and Str
institution partnership for the goals so we have written papers on our
about organization and also we are writing papers on each of our project so so far we have written two and we are
still writing more so if you want to read everything about our organization and I've just explained now I want you
to go to our website and go to the publication page so that anytime we drop
any paper there you can have a look at it you can also sign off our newsletter so that you can receive notification
when the papers are ready they are still undergoing peer review so we are looking for collaborators across Africa and Beyond
we are looking for collaborators so if you are interested in collaborating with us please reach out to us thank you so
much okay that great let me get rid of that mute all
right there we go I think that uh I think Miracle is actually on with us right now and I don't know if uh if his
um are you able to uh hear us okay
Miracle yeah not hearing your not hearing your voice here but I I
do want to tell you that you have a fantastic program uh I did share uh your
website uh in the uh text messages um uh so that people can click on it and check
it out um and it's wonderful to see citizen science being conducted in such
a way um being that it's all online uh you know I know that you're working
across Africa but it looks like it anyone from anywhere in the world could participate so
I want to thank everybody for tuning in to the 155th Global star party and um uh
you know listening to our presenters we had some amazing speakers on tonight and
uh we hope that you tune in next time for the 156th Global star party and
until that time you guys keep looking up and uh and thank you once
again new is coming back to us but not for
long the spacecraft is doing a double world first the first ever lunar Earth
flyby and the first ever double gravity assist maneuver let's learn more about
these flybys why they're important and why it's taking us so long to get to
Jupiter last year a Jupiter iing Explorer also known as juice set off on
its 8year journey to Jupiter juice is on its way to study Jupiter and its three largest moons
pisto Europa and ganam the mission will investigate these moons potential to
support life by examining their subsurface oceans juice is expected to arrive at
Jupiter in July 2031 eight years after launch after a series of flybys of Earth
Venus and the Earth Moon system the first maneuver of its
kind but why is the journey so long at their closest point Earth and Jupiter
are separated by almost 600 million kilom at the time of this video juice
has already traveled over 1,000 million kilometers yet it's only 15% of the way
there the answer depends on a variety of factors that our flight Dynamic experts
know well from the amount of fuel used to the power of the rocket mass of a
spacecraft and geometry of the planets what are the challenges to get
to Jupiter one the Earth is moving on the surface of Earth typically
the fastest way to travel somewhere is the straightest possible line however in
space straight lines are a massive waste of energy when we look up at the night sky
and track the Motions of planets moons stars and galaxies you'll see they're always in motion around another object
when we launch a rocket it doesn't leak from a still Earth but from a planet zooming at about 30 km/ second around
the Sun as such a spacecraft launch from Earth already has a great deal of
orbital energy the only unit that matters when determining the size of an orbit around a central body just after
launch a spacecraft is in more or less the same orbit as our planet is around the Sun to break free from this orbit
and flying the shortest possible straight line from Earth to Jupiter would need a big rocket and a lot of
fuel it can be done but the problem is you then need even more fuel to break
and go into orbit around Jupiter and not be flung past it two Jupiter and Earth are both moving
and not on the same route Jupiter and Earth are always moving with respect to each other this means at their furthest
distance when they are on opposite sides of the sun they are separated by whopping
968 million kilm the shortest distance between them is just under 600 million kilometers when
they are both on the same side of the Sun but they're only in this position for a moment before the distance grows
again and the distance never remains constant all the solar system planets
are moving at different rates in their orbits around the Sun launching a spacecraft is like throwing a ball at a
moving Target from a moving vehicle not an easy feet engineer must calculate the ideal
time to make the jump on a circular path from Earth's orbit to where Jupiter will
be when the spacecraft arrives not where it is when the spacecraft leaves
Earth so assuming we have the most powerful launcher available and we launch on the shortest trajectory at the
right time when the planets are aligned correctly how long would it take early space missions such as the
Voyager and Pion near probes made the journey in less than 2 years and the
fastest any object has traveled to Jupiter was the New Horizon's Mission launched on 19th January 2006 New
Horizons made its closest approach to Jupiter on 28 February 2007 taking a
little over a year to reach the planet however all these missions continued
onwards receiving a boost from Jupiter but none were captured by the orbit like juice will
be three we want to be captured by Jupiter's gravity not boosted by it to
get into orbit around the huge planet we need to lose some energy but slamming on juices breakes at Jupiter would require
an enormous amount of fuel Engineers need to control the spacecraft's mass
balancing the amount of fuel with the instruments it needs to carry to complete its Mission The more mass the
spacecraft has the more fuel it needs to carry which increases its weight and makes it more difficult to launch from
Earth this is one of the heaviest interplanetary probes ever launched at just over 6,000 kilos with the largest
Suite of scientific instruments ever flown to Jupiter to get a spacecraft into orbit around another planet we must
match its orbital energy when juice was launched its orbital energy was the same
as Earth's it must gain energy to overcome the pull of the Sun's gravity and will do so by stealing some orbital
energy from Earth and Venus depending on the relative direction of motion of the
planet and the spacecraft a gravity assist can either speed up slow down or
change the direction of the mission the spacecraft also deflects the planet but by such a minuscule amount as
to be insignificant nonetheless Newton's third law of motion has been preserved
to every action there is an equal and opposite reaction world of orbital mechanics can
be a counter in ative place but with a bit of patience and a lot of planning it
allows us to do a great deal of science with just a little fuel so juice is taking the scenic route
using the gravity of other planets to carefully adjust his trajectory through space and ensure it arrives at Jupiter
with precisely the right speed and direction this incredibly complex
constantly evolving route has been carefully planned out by Juice's dedicated Mission analysis team over the
last 20 years somewhat counterintuitively using the lunar Earth
flyby to slow juice down at this point in its journey is actually more efficient than using the flyby to speed
it up if we had instead used this flyby to give juice a boost towards Mars we
would have had to wait a long time for the next planetary flyby this first breaking maneuver is a way of taking a
shortcut through the inner solar system this will come extremely close to
both the Moon and Earth meaning that realtime pinpoint accuracy is required in all navigation Maneuvers during the
flyby operators will keep a careful watch on the data coming down juice
making any timey adjustments needed to keep the spacecraft on the right course lunar Earth flyby provides a
prime test environment for instrument teams to collect and analyze data from a natural surface in space for the first
time for some instruments this is the only opportunity to make certain measurements during Juice's entire
eight-year journey to Jupiter it will give scientists and Engineers the chance to calibrate their instruments smooth
out any remaining issues and who knows they may even make some surprising scientific discoveries this event will
be a world first it will change 's speed and direction to alter its course through space but it's a daring feat the
slightest mistake could take juice of course
next to this flyby Earth will bend Juice's trajectory through space breaking it and redirecting it on course
for a flyby of Venus in August 2025 from that moment on the energy
boost will begin with juice being whisked up by Venus and then twice by Earth the space exploration equivalent
of drinking three backto back espressos once juice arrives at Jupiter
it will get close to Jupiter's moons trading energy with them that they've held on to for billions of years to get
a view of these environments like never before helping us answer some questions such as could there be life under the
Frozen oceans of gamed Kalisto or Europa what can we learn about the formation of
planets and mink throughout the Universe Through The Wonder of flight
Dynamics by trading energy with the universe we will soonish find out e
I for